Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Heart Failure Patients with and Without Type 2 MI
| Characteristics | Overall (n = 1,072,951) | Type II MI |
P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 1,044,128) | Yes (n = 28,823) | |||
|
| ||||
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years (mean ± SE) | 72.3(0.13) | 72.3(0.13) | 72.9(0.41) | .12 |
| Female | 518,320(48.3) | 505,790(48.4) | 12,529(43.5) | <.001 |
| Weekend Admission | 253,054(23.6) | 245,851(23.5) | 7202(25) | <.001 |
| Elective Admission | 39,059(3.6) | 38,645(3.7) | 413(1.4) | <.001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 452,668(42.2) | 441,201(42.2) | 11,467(39.8) | <.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 506,058(47.1) | 494,140(47.3) | 11,918(41.3) | <.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 584,038(54.4) | 568,193(54.4) | 15,844(54.9) | .48 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 516,640(48.1) | 502,970(48.1) | 13,670(47.4) | .15 |
| Hypertension | 990,631(92.3) | 963,551(92.2) | 27,080(93.9) | <.001 |
| Obesity | 290,338(27) | 284,112(27.2) | 6226(21.6) | <.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 201,969(18.8) | 196,783(18.8) | 5185(17.9) | .04 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 531,989(49.5) | 515,926(49.4) | 16,062(55.7) | <.001 |
| Liver disease | 49,407(4.6) | 47,982(4.6) | 1425(4.9) | .14 |
| Neurological disorders | 78,801(7.3) | 76,082(7.3) | 2719(9.4) | <.001 |
| Deficiency anemias | 87,096(8.1) | 84,477(8.1) | 2618(9.1) | <.001 |
| Hypothyroidism | 200,165(18.6) | 195,408(18.7) | 4756(16.5) | <.001 |
| Weight loss | 60,958(5.6) | 58,844(5.6) | 2113(7.3) | <.001 |
| Coagulopathy | 67,097(6.2) | 65,022(6.2) | 2074(7.2) | <.001 |
| History of smoking | 469,551(43.7) | 456,709(43.7) | 12,842(44.5) | .34 |
| Alcohol abuse | 41,109(3.8) | 39,880(3.8) | 1229(4.2) | .08 |
| Drug abuse | 54,618(5.1) | 52,620(5.1) | 1997(6.9) | <.001 |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 161,135(15.) | 156,198(14.9) | 4936(17.1) | <.001 |
| Previous CABG | 158,619(14.7) | 154,229(14.7) | 4389(15.2) | .28 |
| Previous PCI | 146,109(13.6) | 142,106(13.6) | 4002(13.9) | .52 |
| Prior ICD or PPM | 105,454(9.8) | 103,166(9.8) | 2288(7.9) | <.001 |
| Prior CVA | 146,764(13.6) | 142,828(13.6) | 3936(13.6) | .94 |
| Hospital Location | .05 | |||
| Metropolitan non-teaching | 241,035(22.4) | 235,483(22.5) | 5551(19.2) | |
| Metropolitan teaching | 706,323(65.8) | 685,825(65.6) | 20,497(71.1) | |
| Nonmetropolitan hospital | 125,591(11.7) | 122,818(11.7) | 2772(9.6) | |
| Hospital Bed-Size | .11 | |||
| Small | 213,705(19.9) | 208,302(19.9) | 5402(18.7) | |
| Medium | 302,860(28.2) | 295,861(28.3) | 6998(24.2) | |
| Large | 556,385(51.8) | 539,963(51.7) | 16,421(56.9) | |
| Primary Expected Payer | .2 | |||
| Medicare | 808,182(75.4) | 786,640(75.4) | 21,542(74.8) | |
| Medicaid | 108,346(10.1) | 105,130(10.1) | 3216(11.1) | |
| Private insurance | 105,804(9.8) | 103,144(9.9) | 2660(9.2) | |
| Self-pay, no charge, or other | 49,098(4.5) | 47,733(4.5) | 1365(4.7) | |
CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting; CVA = cerebrovascular accident; ICD = implantable cardioverter defibrillator; MI = myocardial infarction; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; PPM = permanent pacemaker; SE = standard error.
Numbers are frequency (%) unless specified otherwise.