Table III.
System-wise major anomalies as per International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision classification (ICD-10)16
| System | n (% of individual system) |
|---|---|
| Nervous system (Q00-Q07) (n=189) | |
| Anencephaly | 16 (8.5) |
| Encephalocele | 14 (7.4) |
| Microcephaly | 10 (5.3) |
| Congenital hydrocephalus | 63 (33.3) |
| Spina bifida | 80 (42.3) |
| Arnold-Chiari malformation | 3 (1.6) |
| Circulatory system (Q20-Q28) (n=621) | |
| Congenital malformations of cardiac chambers and connections | 56 (9.0) |
| Congenital malformations of cardiac septa | 225 (36.2) |
| Congenital malformations of pulmonary and tricuspid valves | 54 (8.7) |
| Congenital malformations of aortic and mitral valves | 39 (6.3) |
| Congenital malformation of great arteries | 189 (30.4) |
| Respiratory system (Q30-Q34) (n=200) | |
| Congenital malformations of nose | 6 (3.0) |
| Congenital malformations of larynx | 7 (3.5) |
| Congenital malformations of trachea and bronchus | 15 (7.5) |
| Congenital malformations of lung | 164 (82.0) |
| Cleft lip and cleft palate (Q35-Q37) (n=37) | |
| Cleft palate | 5 (13.5) |
| Cleft lip | 3 (8.1) |
| Cleft palate with cleft lip | 29 (78.4) |
| Digestive system (Q38-Q45) (n=144) | |
| Congenital malformations of oesophagus | 41 (28.5) |
| Congenital absence, atresia and stenosis of small intestine | 37 (25.7) |
| Congenital absence, atresia and stenosis of large intestine | 39 (27.1) |
| Genital organs (Q50-Q56) (n=80) | |
| Ambiguous genitalia | 44 (55.0) |
| Hypospadias | 22 (27.5) |
| Urinary system (Q60-Q64) (n=316) | |
| Renal agenesis and other reduction defects of kidney | 66 (20.9) |
| Cystic kidney disease | 107 (33.5) |
| Congenital obstructive defects of renal pelvis and ureter | 145 (45.9) |
| Musculoskeletal system (Q65-Q79) (n=412) | |
| Congenital deformities of hip | 3 (0.7) |
| Congenital deformities of feet | 60 (14.5) |
| Congenital diaphragmatic hernia | 110 (26.7) |