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Antiviral mechanism of TARDBP can inhibit PEDV replication. During PEDV infection, host cells activate KLF16 with the purpose of upregulating the abundance of TARDBP protein. TARDBP recruits the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCHF8 to catalyze and degrade the N protein through the ubiquitin-proteasome and autolysosome pathways. Additionally, TARDBP activates type I IFN signaling by directly targeting MyD88, which regulates TRAF3 expression and induces the phosphorylation of IRF3.
