TABLE 2.

Participant population baseline blood chemistry, body composition, and metabolic rates.

	Study	iMAPSWk1 (n = 43)		Phenotyping (n = 340)
	Sex	Female		Female		Male
HOMA-IR	Status	Sensitive (n = 14)	Resistant (n = 29)	Sensitive (n = 106)	Resistant (n = 66)	Sensitive (n = 116)	Resistant (n = 52)
Age	y	49 ± 9	49 ± 12	41 ± 13	40 ± 14	40 ± 14	40 ± 14
Fasting blood chemistry
HOMA-IR		1.26 ± 0.48	4.56 ± 2.43‡	1.31 ± 0.42	3.53 ± 1.60 ‡	1.25 ± 0.42	4.54 ± 4.58‡
Glucose	mg/dL	95.3 ± 13.0	102 ± 10	90.4 ± 7.4	99.5 ± 29.0‡	93.6 ± 6.9	102 ± 12‡
Insulin	mIU/mL	5.5 ± 2.6	18.1 ± 9.3‡	5.89 ± 1.80	14.7 ± 6.1‡	5.44 ± 1.8	17.4 ± 14.0‡
TGs	mg/dL	116 ± 61	138 ± 92	78.5 ± 29.0	119 ± 61‡	88.3 ± 36.0	127 ± 60‡
NEFA	mEq/L	0.45 ± 0.20	0.38 ± 0.14	0.33 ± 0.15	0.38 ± 0.14†	0.27 ± 0.11	0.33 ± 0.14†
Total-Chol	mg/dL	203 ± 32	219 ± 33	177 ± 36	181 ± 39	169 ± 32	179 ± 35†
LDL-Chol	mg/dL	119 ± 27	139 ± 27†	106 ± 30	115 ± 34	108 ± 29	120 ± 33†
HDL-Chol	mg/dL	54.7 ± 11.0	49.5 ± 11.0	65.3 ± 17.0	51.9 ± 14.0‡	52.6 ± 12.0	42.7 ± 11.0‡
Anthropometric factors
BMI	kg/m2	31.0 ± 2.7	33.1 ± 4.2	25.5 ± 4	30.5 ± 4.6‡	25.3 ± 3.1	31.3 ± 5.2‡
Body mass	kg	82.5 ± 11.0	89.5 ± 15.0	67.0 ± 13.0	81.2 ± 14.0‡	78.9 ± 12.0	97.9 ± 21.0‡
Total fat	kg	35.0 ± 6.2	39.4 ± 7.8	23.1 ± 8.8	33.3 ± 8.7‡	16.6 ± 6.5	29.9 ± 13.0‡
Lean mass	kg	45.1 ± 5.8	47.9 ± 7.9	41.3 ± 7.0	45.6 ± 74‡	59.5 ± 9.1	65.1 ± 9.9‡
And. fat	kg	2.95 ± 0.76.0	3.63 ± 1.00†	1.62 ± 0.85	2.79 ± 1.00‡	1.42 ± 0.77	3.17 ± 1.80‡
% Body fat	%	42 ± 3	44 ± 4‡	33 ± 8	41 ± 6‡	21 ± 7	29 ± 7
And:Gyn		0.49 ± 0.11	0.56 ± 0.13†	0.36 ± 0.11	0.48 ± 0.12‡	0.47 ± 0.140	0.65 ± 0.18‡
Waist Circ	cm	91.1 ± 7.7	98.3 ± 9.9	77.3 ± 9.4	89.4 ± 11.0‡	83.9 ± 8.0	100 ± 15‡
Waist:Hip		0.80 ± 0.06	0.83 ± 0.06	0.76 ± 0.05	0.80 ± 0.07‡	0.85 ± 0.05	0.92 ± 0.08‡
Indirect calorimetry
RERt0		0.88 ± 0.05	0.85 ± 0.05	0.86 ± 0.05	0.88 ± 0.05	0.86 ± 0.04	0.86 ± 0.05
RERt0.75–1h		0.91 ± 0.05	0.88 ± 0.06	0.91 ± 0.05	0.92 ± 0.05	0.90 ± 0.05	0.89 ± 0.04
RERt3h		0.89 ± 0.06	0.86 ± 0.04	0.88 ± 0.05	0.89 ± 0.05	0.87 ± 0.05	0.87 ± 0.04
RERt6h		0.81 ± 0.04	0.81 ± 0.05	0.82 ± 0.04	0.82 ± 0.04	0.81 ± 0.04	0.82 ± 0.04
REE	kcal/min	1.04 ± 0.15	1.06 ± 0.15	0.987 ± 0.16	1.13 ± 0.18‡	1.20 ± 0.18	1.39 ± 0.25‡
PPEEt0.75–1h	kcal/min	1.15 ± 0.16	1.18 ± 0.15	1.10 ± 0.16	1.22 ± 0.19†	1.32 ± 0.19	1.46 ± 0.24‡
PPEEt3h	kcal/min	1.19 ± 0.12	1.16 ± 0.19	1.11 ± 0.15	1.18 ± 0.18‡	1.33 ± 0.19	1.44 ± 0.24‡
PPEEt6h	kcal/min	1.2 ± 0.12	1.15 ± 0.14	1.07 ± 0.15	1.14 ± 0.19‡	1.29 ± 0.18	1.36 ± 0.23†

Results are means ± stdev. Means differences between insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant groups by sex within each study were assessed after normality transformations and are indicated at <0.05 (†) and <0.001 (‡); HOMA-IR status– HOMA ≥2.05 = insulin resistant; TG – triglycerides; NEFA – non-esterified fatty acids; Chol – cholesterol; And – android fat; Gyn – gynoid fat; RER – respiratory exchange quotient; REE – resting energy expenditure; PPEE – postprandial energy expenditure.