Table 1.

Anthocyanin composition in colored wheat grains.

Anthocyanidin name	Anthocyanins	Chemical formula and m/z	Wheat type	Amount (mg/kg)	References
Cyanidin	Cyanidin 3-glucoside	C21H20O11 449,287	Purple	2.64, 10.3, 12.02, 52.80,103	(4, 17–19, 35, 52, 53)
			Black	20.50
			Blue	3.07, 10.54, 10.76, 4.50
			Red	4.02
	Cyanidin-3-rutinoside	C27H30O15 595,287	Purple	5.30, 32.53, 0.60	(4, 21, 52–54)
			Blue	8.42, 12.78, 13.84,0.20
			Black	11.14
	Cyanidin-3-arabinoside	C20H19O10 419,287	Purple	25.1	(19)
	Cyanidin-3-rutinoside- 3'-glucoside	C33H40O10 757,597,449,287	Blue	Dnq	(4)
			Purple	Dnq
	Cyanidin-3-(6”- malonylglucoside)	C24H22O14 535,287	Purple	31.08	(4, 18, 55)
			Black	Dnq
	Cyanidin-3-galactoside	C12H21O11 449,287	Purple	0.98, 72.0	(19, 55)
	Cyanidin-3-(3”,6”- Dimalonylglucoside)	C27H24O17 621,287	Purple	8.15	(4, 55)
			Black	Dnq
	Cyanidin-3- succinyl-glucoside	C25H24O14 549,287	Purple	1.2	(4, 18, 21)
			Blue	Dnq
			Black	Dnq
	Cyanidin-3-(2-G-xylosylrutinoside)	727,287 C32H38O19	Blue	Dnq	(4)
			Black	Dnq
	Cyanidin-3-(6”- feruloylglucoside)- 5-glucoside	C37H38O19 787,287	Blue	Dnq	(4)
			Purple
			Black
	Cyanidin-3,5- di-glucoside	C27H31016 611,287	Purple	Dnq	(35)
Delphinidin	Delphinidin-3-arabinoside	C20H19ClO11 435,303	Purple	16.7	(19)
	Delphinidin-3-galactoside	C21H21ClO12 405,303	Purple	38.3, 0.40	(19, 52)
			Blue	4.95
			Black	29.14
	Delphinidin-3-glucoside	C21H20O12 465,303	Blue	22.23, 29.03, 0.40	(4, 21, 52)
			Purple	0.08
			Black	25.64
	Delphinidin-3-rutinoside	C27H30O16 611, 435, 303	Blue	29.65, 43.87, 33.44, 2.08	(4, 17, 19, 52)
			Purple	Dnq
			Black	0.66
	Delphinidin-3-(6” - malonylglucoside)	C24H22O15 511,303	Purple	Dnq	(4)
			Black	Dnq
	Delphinidin-3- caffeoylglucoside	C30H26O15 627,465,303	Blue	Dnq	(4);
			Purple
			Black
Malvidin	Malvidin-3-glucoside	C23H24O12 493,331	Blue	12.04, 5.5	(4, 17, 19, 52, 53)
			Purple	0.48, 51.6, 1.32
			Black	2.18
			Red	0.22
	Malvidin-3-rutinoside	C29H34O16 639,493,331	Blue	2.0	(4, 18)
			Purple	Dnq
			Black	Dnq
	Malvidin-3-(6”-p-caffeoylglucoside)	C32H30O15 655,493,331	Blue	Dnq	(4)
			Purple	Dnq
			Black	Dnq
	Malvidin-3-rutinoside-5-glucoside	C35H44O21 801,639,493,331	Blue	Dnq	(4)
			Purple	Dnq
			Black	Dnq
Pelargonidin	Pelargonidin-3-galactoside	C21H21ClO10 433,271	Purple	26.1	(19, 53)
	Pelargonidin-3-arabinoside	C20H19O9 403,271	Purple	9.3	(19, 53)
	Pelargonidin-3-glucoside	C21H20O10 433,271	Blue	0.39	(4, 19, 52, 53, 55)
			Purple	28.8, 2.58, 1.88
			Black	2.13
	Pelargonidin-3-(6”- malonylglucoside)	C24H22O13 519,271	Blue	trace	(4, 55)
			Purple	Dnq
	Pelargonidin-3-rutinoside	C27H30O14 579,433,271	Blue	Dnq	(4)
			Purple	Dnq
			Black	Dnq
Peonidin	Peonidin-3-arabinoside	C21H21ClO10 449,301	Blue	2.22	(17, 19, 21)
			Purple	9.3
	Peonidin-3-glucoside	C22H22O11 463,301	Blue	0.88	(4, 17–19, 52)
			Purple	4.61
			Black	1.40
	Peonidin-3-galactoside	C22H23ClO11 463,301	Blue	1.94	(4, 17)
			Purple	0.58
			Red	0.33
	Peonidin-3-rutinoside	C28H32O15 609,463,301	Blue	1.2, 0.76	(4, 18, 54)
			Purple	9.36
			Black	0.97
	Peonidin-3,5-diglucoside	C28H32O16 625,463,301	Blue	0.31	(4, 52)
			Black	0.23
			Purple	Dnq
	Peonidin-malonyl-glucoside	C25H25O14 549,301	Purple	0.6	(18, 35)
Petunidin	Petunidin-3-glucoside	C22H22O12 479,317	Blue	3.18	(4, 18, 52)
			Purple	40.4
			Black	2.29
	Petunidin-3-rutinoside	C28H33O16 625,317	Blue	4.5	(18)
	Petunidin-3-rutinoside-5-glucoside	C34H42O21 787,625,479,317	Blue	Dnq	(4)
			Purple	Dnq	(4)
			Black	Dnq