Figure 1.

The mapping of antiviral drug targets focusing on IAV replication cycle. A complete IAV replication cycle consists of four stages: attachment, entry and uncoating, replication and transcription, assembly and release. Host restriction factors, supportive host factors, microRNAs, and lncRNAs can regulate IAV replication by directly acting on one or multiple steps of the IAV replication cycle. Theoretically, these host biomolecules, which regulate the viral replication cycle and each of these steps in the viral replication cycle, could be used as potential antiviral drug targets. Green lines indicate that supportive host factors target one or multiple steps of the IAV replication cycle. Red lines indicate that host restriction factors target one or multiple steps of the IAV replication cycle. Purple lines indicate that lncRNAs target one step of the IAV replication cycle. Blue lines indicate that microRNAs target IAV proteins.