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. 2022 May 25;122:178–187. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.05.051

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© 2022 The Author(s)

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Differential expression of biomarkers between non-severe and severe COVID-19.

Comparisons of (A) first TRAIL measurements, (B) first IP-10 measurements, and (C) first CRP measurements between patients who were admitted to the ICU (severe COVID-19, n = 47) and patients who remained in the NCU (Non-ICU = non-severe COVID-19, n = 85). Further comparisons (D-F) regarding patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV, n = 29) and patients who did not (no MV, n = 103). The black line denotes the median of each group. The box identifies values between 25 and 75 percentiles, whereas the whiskers indicate minimal and maximal serum levels. P-values are defined as follows: ns: nonsignificant, *: P ≤0.05, **: P ≤0.01, ***: P ≤0.001. CRP: C reactive protein; ICU: intensive care unit; IP-10: interferon gamma-induced protein 10; TRAIL: TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.