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. 2022 Feb 4;55(2):123–130. doi: 10.1007/s00795-022-00313-0

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Light microscopic observation of crystals with blue and brown (arrow) colors formed from indoxyl sulfate via incubated bacteria from the urine bag of case 1 (a, b) and light microscopy of crystals on the lucid polypropylene surface of urine bag (c). The bacteria obtained from urine bags were incubated with indoxyl sulfate, and formed blue crystals (a) and brown crystals (b), which resembled the purple and blue crystals on the surface of urine bags (c). The bars indicate 10 μm (a–c)