Fig. 3.

Illustrations of human cranial dura mater testing from the senior author’s lab are depicted. A An uniaxial tensile testing setup is shown, which is the most commonly used setup for dura mater tests in the literature. B 3D-printed equipment that assured fast and consistent sample handling was used by several studies in the literature (Zwirner et al. 2019a, b, c, 2020). C An optical data evaluation, which was performed by several studies in the literature (Sacks et al. 1998; Zwirner et al. 2019a, b, c), allows verifying the failure point and detecting potential specimen slippage during the mechanical test. C clamp, S sample, SA supporting arms, PT preparation table