Table 3:
Multivariate Cox Proportional Hazard Ratio Model of Risk Factors for Mortality in Women with Stages I-III Breast Cancer Enrolled in the SABCHO cohort
| Died, N=728 (row %) | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV | |||
| Negative | 538 (28.8) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Positive | 190 (38.1) | 1.49 (1.22–1.83) | <0.001 |
| Age at diagnosis in years | |||
| <40 | 109 (33.4) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| 40–49 | 160 (28.2) | 0.84 (0.64–1.08) | 0.173 |
| 50–59 | 155 (27.8) | 0.84 (0.64–1.10) | 0.207 |
| 60–69 | 137 (27.4) | 0.86 (0.64–1.16) | 0.330 |
| ≥70 | 167 (40.1) | 0.95 (0.69–1.31) | 0.771 |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Others | 137 (26.2) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Black | 591 (32.0) | 1.01 (0.81–1.24) | 0.954 |
| Highest level of education | |||
| Primary education and below | 247 (37.5) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Secondary education and above | 466 (27.7) | 0.73 (0.61–0.88) | 0.001 |
| Body mass index (BMI) | |||
| <25 | 154 (37.5) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| 25–29.9 | 155 (26.1) | 0.76 (0.60–0.96) | 0.020 |
| ≥30 | 376 (30.2) | 0.95 (0.78–1.18) | 0.663 |
| a ECOG PS | |||
| 0 & 1 | 643 (28.9) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| 2–4 | 82 (59.0) | 1.73 (1.29–2.32) | <0.001 |
| Stage at diagnosis | |||
| I & II | 214 (18.0) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| III | 514 (43.7) | 2.13 (1.77–2.56) | <0.001 |
| Breast cancer subtype | |||
| b ER+/PR+/HER2− | 385 (26.8) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| ER+/PR+/HER2+ | 133 (32.4) | 1.19 (0.96–1.47) | 0.106 |
| ER−/PR−/HER2+ | 57 (38.5) | 1.45 (1.06–1.97) | 0.019 |
| ER−/PR−/HER2− | 153 (40.8) | 1.78 (1.44–2.19) | <0.001 |
| KI67 | |||
| <20 | 174 (24.5) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| ≥20 | 520 (33.2) | 1.45 (1.20–1.75) | <0.001 |
| Treatment received | |||
| Surgery + chemotherapy | 334 (23.0) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Surgery, no chemotherapy | 61 (17.8) | 1.19 (0.87–1.64) | 0.280 |
| Chemotherapy, no surgery | 189 (62.2) | 3.75 (3.07–4.58) | <0.001 |
| No surgery or chemotherapy | 144 (53.9) | 3.83 (2.98–4.92) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations:
a
ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) PS (Performance status),
b
ER/PR (Oestrogen receptor/Progesterone receptor), HER2 (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2). We tested for interactions between HIV and each of the above covariates, and none was statistically significant. Missing data: Highest level of education (n=23), BMI (n=114), ECOG (n=6), Ki67 (n=89).