Table 1:
Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Participants in MOCCaS (n = 14,570)*
| MOCCaS | LALES | CHES | AFEDS | P-Value† | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| Race/Ethnicity | |||||||||
| Latino | 5,248 | (36.0%) | 5,248 | (100.0%) | |||||
| Chinese American | 4,151 | (28.5%) | 4,151 | (100.0%) | |||||
| African American | 5,171 | (35.5%) | 5,171 | (100.0%) | |||||
| Age | 59.0 | (10.7) | 55.0 | (10.7) a | 61.2 | (8.5) b | 61.2 | (11.0) b | < 0.001 |
| Education‡ | 11.5 | (4.5) | 8.2 | (4.4) a | 12.2 | (3.8) b | 14.3 | (2.4) c | < 0.001 |
| Number of Comorbidities§ | 1.6 | (1.5) | 1.5 | (1.5) a | 1.2 | (1.4) b | 2.0 | (1.5) c | < 0.001 |
| Sex (Female) | 8903 | (61.1%) | 3069 | (58.5%) a | 2599 | (62.6%) b | 3235 | (62.6%) b | < 0.001 |
| US Born | 6048 | (41.5%) | 1284 | (24.5%) a | 56 | (1.3%) b | 4708 | (91.0%) c | < 0.001 |
| Employment (Working) | 7066 | (48.5%) | 2555 | (48.7%) a | 2202 | (53.0%) b | 2309 | (44.7%) c | < 0.001 |
| Annual Income ≥ $20,000 | 6997 | (48.0%) | 2285 | (43.5%) a | 1716 | (41.3%) b | 2996 | (57.9%) c | < 0.001 |
| Health Insurance | 10243 | (70.3%) | 3407 | (64.9%) a | 2199 | (53.0%) b | 4637 | (89.7%) c | < 0.001 |
| Depression|| | 1424 | (9.8%) | 840 | (16.0%) a | 274 | (6.6%) b | 310 | (6.0%) b | < 0.001 |
| Visual Impairment¶ | 905 | (6.2%) | 310 | (5.9%) a | 369 | (8.9%) b | 226 | (4.4%) c | < 0.001 |
MOCCaS = Multiethnic Ophthalmology Cohorts of California Study; LALES = Los Angeles Latino Eye Study; CHES = Chinese American Eye Study; AFEDS = African American Eye Disease Study; SD = Standard Deviation; VFL = Visual Field Loss
Data are presented as mean (SD) for continuous variables (age, education, comorbidities); categorical variables are presented as frequency counts with percentages (%) of participants for each category of visual field loss (VFL) severity; percentages exclude participants with missing responses); the number missing is 182 (1.2%) for education; 10 (0.1%) for sex, 118 (0.8%) for US born; 182 (1.2%) for employment; 1,868 (12.8%) for income; 306 (2.1%) for insurance; 12 (0.1%) for depression; and 2 ( 0.0%) for visual acuity loss.
P-values for continuous variables are from the test for equal means in a one-way layout, and for categorical variables are from the Pearson’s χ2 test. Superscripts indicate Holm-adjusted pairwise comparisons across cohorts.
Highest educational grade completed
Number of self-reported comorbidities (diabetes, arthritis, stroke/brain hemorrhage, high blood pressure, angina, heart attack, heart failure, asthma, skin cancer, other cancer, back problems, hearing problems and other major health problems).
Depression was scored using the SF-12 item “Have you felt downhearted or blue a good bit of the time or more during the past 4 weeks?” Participants were considered depressed if they reported “A good bit of the time”, “Most of the time”, or “All of the time”.
Visual Impairment was defined as binocular presenting visual acuity 20/40 or worse.