Table 3:
Linear Regression β Coefficients for the Association of VSQOL CTT Driving Difficulties and VFL in MOCCaS, Age Stratified by 65 years (n = 11,473)*
| Vision-Specific Quality of Life Classical Test Theory | ßMD | (95% CI) | MD (dB) of VFL for 5-point of VSQOL‡ | P-Value§ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| Latinos | Chinese Americans | African Americans | Age-MD Interaction | ||||
|
| |||||||
| Driving Difficulties, Age ≥ 65 Years† | −0.487 | (−0.695, −0.278) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Latinos | 1.989 | (1.779, 2.198) | 2.5 | < 0.001 | |||
| Chinese Americans | 1.141 | (0.878, 1.404) | 4.4 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| African Americans | 1.117 | (0.932, 1.303) | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 0.865 | < 0.001 | |
| Driving Difficulties, Age < 65 Years† | 0.487 | (0.278, 0.695) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Latinos | 1.502 | (1.306, 1.698) | 3.3 | < 0.001 | |||
| Chinese Americans | 0.654 | (0.422, 0.887) | 7.6 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| African Americans | 0.631 | (0.435, 0.827) | 7.9 | < 0.001 | 0.865 | < 0.001 | |
| Vision-Related Role Function | |||||||
| Latinos | 1.071 | (0.932, 1.210) | 4.7 | < 0.001 | |||
| Chinese Americans | 1.039 | (0.835, 1.243) | 4.8 | 1.000 | < 0.001 | ||
| African Americans | 0.191 | (0.029, 0.353) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.084 | ||
| Vision-Related Mental Health | |||||||
| Latinos | 1.142 | (1.000, 1.283) | 4.4 | < 0.001 | |||
| Chinese Americans | 0.881 | (0.673, 1.088) | 5.7 | 0.257 | < 0.001 | ||
| African Americans | 0.263 | (0.098, 0.428) | 19.0 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.012 | |
| Vision-Related Dependency | |||||||
| Latinos | 1.382 | (1.263, 1.502) | 3.6 | < 0.001 | |||
| Chinese Americans | 0.516 | (0.341, 0.691) | 9.7 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| African Americans | 0.112 | (−0.027, 0.251) | < 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.227 | ||
VSQOL = Vision-Specific Quality of Life; VFL = Visual Field Loss in the better seeing eye;
MOCCaS = Multiethnic Ophthalmology Cohorts of California Study; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; NEI-VFQ-25 = National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire 25-Item; MD = Mean Deviation; IRT = Item Response Theory; CTT = Classical Test Theory
VFL is presented as mean deviation score in decibels; VSQOL is assessed by the NEI-VFQ-25. Data are presented as coefficient (95% CI). The CTT Driving Difficulties subscale of the NEI-VFQ-25 scores are adjusted for age, gender, education, employment status, income, acculturation, co-morbidities, health insurance, vision insurance, and visual acuity impairment. There was an interaction term for race/ethnicity and VFL, and for age and VFL.
Scores could be generated for only 11,473 of participants who reported that they were currently driving or had driven in the past.
Regression coefficients were transformed per 5-point difference in HRQOL score, a clinically significant difference in VSQOL score.
The P-value for age ≥ 65 years indicates the interaction between age strata and VFL. P-values along the diagonal represent main effects for associations between VSQOL and VFL within each racial/ethnic cohort; P-values off the diagonal indicate interactions across cohorts. The Holm method was used to adjust for multiple comparisons for 15 VSQOL outcomes.