(A) Encapsulation efficiency, (B) size distribution and polydispersity index (PDI) of DAL-LNPs encapsulating luciferase mRNA (DAL-LNP-Luc). (C) In vitro delivery of DAL-LNP-Luc in B16F10 cells. N=3. (D) Cryo-EM image of DAL4-LNP co-encapsulating IL-12 mRNA and IL-27 mRNA. Bar = 50 nm. (E-G) In vitro delivery of MC3-LNP or DAL4-LNP encapsulating either IL-27 mRNA (E), IL-12 mRNA (F), or GM-CSF mRNA (G) in B16F10 cells. N=3–4. The concentrations of cytokines in the supernatants were determined by ELISA. All data are presented as the mean ± S.D. Statistical significance in C, E, F, and G were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. ***P < 0.001.