TABLE 2.
HRs (95% CIs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality among participants with diabetes in NHANES 1999–2014.
| Mortality rate (per 1,000 person-years) |
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
| All-cause mortality | ||||
| MEST-IR index (per 1 unit increment) | 25.54 | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00), 0.227 | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00), 0.230 | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00), 0.111 |
| MEST-IR index group | ||||
| Quintile 1 (≤ 41) | 38.80 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Quintile 2 (41–47) | 27.82 | 0.70 (0.52, 0.94), 0.019 | 0.72 (0.53, 0.96), 0.028 | 0.65 (0.49, 0.87), 0.004 |
| Quintile 3 (47–54) | 24.78 | 0.69 (0.50, 0.96), 0.026 | 0.70 (0.51, 0.96), 0.027 | 0.69 (0.50, 0.96), 0.029 |
| Quintile 4 (54–63) | 19.60 | 0.65 (0.41, 1.02), 0.062 | 0.64 (0.41, 1.01), 0.056 | 0.57 (0.36, 0.91), 0.019 |
| Quintile 5 (> 63) | 17.66 | 0.87 (0.58, 1.31), 0.510 | 0.90 (0.61, 1.33), 0.612 | 0.81 (0.55, 1.21), 0.306 |
| P trend | 0.335 | 0.327 | 0.171 | |
| CVDs-related mortality | ||||
| MEST-IR index (per 1 unit increment) | 6.31 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.02), 0.710 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.02), 0.780 | 0.99 (0.97, 1.01), 0.358 |
| MEST-IR index group | ||||
| Quintile 1 (≤ 41) | 8.70 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Quintile 2 (41–47) | 7.56 | 0.81 (0.44, 1.50), 0.504 | 0.80 (0.42, 1.50), 0.480 | 0.71 (0.38, 1.35), 0.300 |
| Quintile 3 (47–54) | 5.55 | 0.65 (0.34, 1.25), 0.198 | 0.64 (0.33, 1.26), 0.199 | 0.58 (0.28, 1.22), 0.151 |
| Quintile 4 (54–63) | 4.78 | 0.72 (0.35, 1.51), 0.389 | 0.71 (0.33, 1.55), 0.395 | 0.58 (0.26, 1.30), 0.184 |
| Quintile 5 (> 63) | 5.17 | 1.24 (0.64, 2.37), 0.526 | 1.33 (0.69, 2.54), 0.394 | 1.04 (0.51, 2.13), 0.915 |
| P trend | 0.824 | 0.756 | 0.811 | |
| Cancer-related mortality | ||||
| MEST-IR index (per 1 unit increment) | 3.70 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.02), 0.938 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.02), 0.865 | 0.99 (0.97, 1.02), 0.721 |
| MEST-IR index group | ||||
| Quintile 1 (≤ 41) | 3.53 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Quintile 2 (41–47) | 4.58 | 1.36 (0.64, 2.90), 0.430 | 1.41 (0.68, 2.94), 0.359 | 1.44 (0.71, 2.93), 0.309 |
| Quintile 3 (47–54) | 5.14 | 1.72 (0.75, 3.96), 0.203 | 1.75 (0.74, 4.16), 0.203 | 1.73 (0.71, 4.20), 0.226 |
| Quintile 4 (54–63) | 3.35 | 1.36 (0.65, 2.81), 0.412 | 1.32 (0.66, 2.65), 0.432 | 1.30 (0.60, 2.80), 0.509 |
| Quintile 5 (> 63) | 1.84 | 1.14 (0.30, 4.35), 0.846 | 1.11 (0.30, 4.03), 0.877 | 1.05 (0.26, 4.33), 0.942 |
| P trend | 0.756 | 0.812 | 0.935 | |
Model 1: adjusted for age, sex and race/ethnicity.
Model 2: further adjusted (from Model 1) for education level, family income-poverty ratio, alcohol user, smoking status, and ideal physical activity.
Model 3: further adjusted (from Model 2) for duration of diabetes, hypoglycemic drugs, lipid-lowering drugs, self-reported hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and CVDs, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol.