FIGURE 3.

DHQ suppressed ferroptosis of activated HBE cells in vivo and in vitro (A) Representative images (✕200) of trypan blue staining for evaluating cell death. Bar = 50 μM. (B) The protein expressions of GPX4 in HBE cells and lung tissues were determined by western blotting. (C) Representative pictures ( × 200) of immunofluorescence analysis of GPX4 in HBE cells were determined by western blotting. Bar = 50 μM. (D) The levels of major biomarkers of ferroptosis (iron, GSH, ROS, MDA, and 4-HNE) in HBE cells were detected. (E) The morphological changes of mitochondria were observed by transmission electron microscopy and mitochondrial length was measured. Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 3). #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 vs. the control group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. the SiO₂ group.