Table 3.
Summary of systematic reviews conducted on the effect of depressive symptoms on medication non-adherence among HIV/AIDS patients included in this systematic review of reviews (N = 6).
| Review study | Geographical coverage of the review | Data bases covered in the search | Number of primary studies | Number of participant | Quality assessment | AMSTAR score | Main findings of the review |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uthman et al. (2) | Low-, Middle-, and High-Income Countries | PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL | 111 | 2,861 | Not applicable | 9 | Achieving good ART adherence was 42% lower among those with depressive symptoms compared to those without [Pooled OR = 0.58, 95 % CI (0.55–0.62)] |
| DiMatteo et al. (27) | Sub-Saharan Africa | Not reported | 23 | 11,421 | Not applicable | 11 | Likelihood of achieving good adherence was 55% lower among those with depression symptoms compared to those without [pooled OR = 0.45 (95% CI 0.31–0.66, Tau2 = 0.20, P = 0.000)] |
| Sin and DiMatteo (11) | Global | PubMed and PsycINFO | 29 | 1,293 | Not applicable | 7 | The odds of a person adhering to ART are 83 % better if he or she is treated for depression, and the risk of non-adherence is 35% greater among those who do not receive depression treatment |
| Ciesla et al. (28) | Global | Psych-Info, MEDLINE, and AIDSLINE | 10 | 2,596 | Not reported | 5 | Depression was significantly (P < 0.0001) associated with non-adherence (OR = 0.19; 95% confidence interval = 0.14–0.25) |
| Springer et al. (26) | Global | PubMed, Scopus and Web of Knowledge | 62 | 19,878 | Not reported | 5 | Sixty-two articles examined depression, with 58% (N = 32/62) finding lower cART adherence and persistence. Twenty-two studies did not find a statistically significant association between depression and decreased cART adherence |
| Nienke Langebeek et al. (25) | Global | PubMed | 207 | 103,836 | STROBE | 10 | Depressive symptoms were more strongly and negatively associated with adherence to antiretroviral medications |
AMSTAR, Assessment of multiple systematic reviews; ART, Antiretroviral therapy; STROBE, Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology; CI, Confidence interval; OR, Odds ratio.