TABLE 2.
Summary of biopolymers and their building blocks production in R. palustris.
| Product | Characteristics of main strategies | Yield/titer | Culture conditions | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) | Overexpression of phaP1 from Cupriavidus necator H16 | 0.7 g/L | In PM with 1 mM p-coumarate and 10 mM sodium bicarbonate as the carbon courses in sealed 14 ml tubes | Brown et al. (2021) |
| PHB | An integrated experimental and computational approach to identify novel design strategies | 0.41 g/L | In PM with 1 mM p-coumarate or coniferyl alcohol supplemented with 10 mM sodium bicarbonate as the carbon sources | Alsiyabi et al. (2021) |
| PHB | — | 0.41 g/L | In PM with 1 mM p-coumarate as the carbon source | Brown et al. (2020) |
| PHB | CdS-R. palustris hybrid system. | 4% of dry mass | In 50 ml MMN medium with pure CO2 gas at the headspace. | Wang et al. (2019) |
| PHB | Assessment of PHB production under various conditions | 5.49 mg/L | Photoelectroautotrophy using N2 as the nitrogen source | Ranaivoarisoa et al. (2019) |
| 6.06 × 10−14 mg/cell/h | ||||
| PHB | Effect of volatile fatty acids mixtures | 16.4 mg/g/day | 1,370 mg/L acetic acid, 618 mg/L propionic acid, and 133 mg/L butyric acid | Cardena et al. (2017) |
| PHB | Assessment of PHB production from agroindustrial residues and energy crops | 11.53% TS | In 100 ml photobioreactors with 100 ml olive pomace effluent under anaerobic conditions | Corneli et al. (2016) |
| PHB | Assessment of PHB production from acetate, propionate, malate, lactate, glucose, and lactose | 11.6–17.1% substrate conversion efficiency. | 1 g/L acetate | Wu et al. (2012) |
| Polysaccharide | R. palustris contains a functional unipolar polysaccharide biosynthesis gene cluster for polysaccharide production | — | Photoheterotrophic Conditions | Fritts et al. (2017) |
| Carotenoids | CdS-R. palustris hybrid system. | 2.5 mg/g dry mass | In 50 ml MMN medium with pure CO2 gas at the headspace. | Wang et al. (2019) |
| Carotenoids | Effect of light sources on growth and carotenoid production | 1782 μg/g biomass | In NS medium with 5 g/L sodium succinate as carbon source under LED blue light conditions | Kuo et al. (2012) |
| Carotenoids | Effect of light intensity and light/dark cycle on carotenoid production | 1.94 mg/g biomass | In 0317 medium with volatile fatty acids wastewater under light intensity of 150 μmol-photons/m2/s and light/dark cycle of 4/2 (16 h/8 h). | Liu et al. (2019) |
| Carotenoids | Effect of light intensity and different culturing conditions on carotenoids production and composition | 1.5 mg/g biomass (79% lycopene) | In RPP medium with 4 g/L malate and 0.5 g/L NH4Cl under hydrogen-production conditions with low light intensity | Muzziotti et al. (2017) |
| Carotenoids | Effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and organic loading rate (OLR) on carotenoid production | 3.91 mg/g biomass | Produced from acidic food industry wastewater treated under HRT of 48 h and OLR of 2.51 g/L/d. | Liu et al. (2016) |
| Squalene | Deletion of the shc gene (encoding the squalene hopene cyclase), fusion of two consecutive enzymes (CrtE and HpnD) and overexpression of the dxs gene | 15.8 mg/g biomass | In medium with 0.2% sodium succinate, 1% glucose, 0.3% peptone, 0.3% yeast extract. | Xu et al. (2016) |
| Hopanoids | Different growth conditions: chemoheterotrophic, photoheterotrophic and pH shock | 36.7 mg/g biomass | Photoheterotrophic growth condition: in anaerobic bicarbonate-buffered freshwater medium with 2 mM sodium acetate | Welander et al. (2009) |