Table 3.

Multivariable models of associations between variables and mean EQ-VAS scores for New Zealand veterans

Characteristic	Adjusted model, N=1520			Final model, N=1520
	ß	95% CI	P value	ß	95% CI	P value
Age (years)*	−0.15	−0.21 to –0.10	<0.01	−0.16	−0.22 to –0.10	<0.01
Sex
Female	Ref			Ref
Male	0.06	−0.23 to 2.35	0.96	0.02	−2.27 to 2.30	0.99
Ethnicity
NZ European	Ref		0.03	Ref		0.03
Māori	0.53	−1.46 to 2.53		0.55	−1.44 to 2.54
Other	−4.04	−7.12 to –0.95		−4.07	−7.16 to –0.99
Service years*	0.16	0.09 to 0.24	<0.01	0.17	0.09 to 0.24	<0.01
Deployment status
Not deployed	Ref			Ref
Deployed	3.33	1.00 to 5.67	0.01	3.36	1.03 to 5.70	0.01
GHQ−12 score*	−0.83	−1.06 to –0.61	<0.01	−0.84	−1.06 to –0.62	<0.01
Social support (SPS score)*	0.02	−0.07 to 0.11	0.65	–	–	–
Psychological Flexibility Score (AAQ−II)*	0.18	0.06 to 0.31	0.01	0.19	0.07 to 0.31	<0.01
Sleep score (SCI), Range 0–10*	1.41	0.95 to 1.88	<0.01	1.41	0.95 to 1.87	<0.01
AUDIT_C score
Non hazardous	Ref
Hazardous	0.37	−1.05 to 1.79	0.61	–	–	–
Exposure to traumatic events (BTQ)
Not exposed	Ref			Ref
Exposed	−1.46	−3.02 to 0.11	0.07	−1.45	−3.02 to 0.12	0.07
PTSD (PCL−M score)*	−0.14	−0.25 to –0.04	0.01	−0.15	−0.25 to –0.04	0.01

*Scored as continuous variables, coefficient is per unit increase.

GHQ-12, 12-item General Health Questionnaire; NZ, New Zealand; PTSD PCL-M, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Military Version.