Table 3.
Associations Between Daily Egg Consumption and Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality in the ATBC Study
| Cause of death | Egg consumption (per 50 g/day) * | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| ARD, % (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| All causes | |||
| Model 1: Age adjusted | 1.18 (0.81, 1.56) | 1.06 (1.04, 1.08) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2: Multivariable † | 1.19 (0.75, 1.65) | 1.06 (1.04, 1.09) | <0.0001 |
| Model 3: Multivariable ‡ | −1.83 (−3.50, −0.14) | 0.91 (0.84, 0.99) | 0.029 |
| CVD | |||
| Model 1: Age adjusted | 1.00 (0.55, 1.44) | 1.07 (1.03, 1.10) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2: Multivariable † | 1.25 (0.72, 1.74) | 1.09 (1.05, 1.12) | <0.0001 |
| Model 3: Multivariable ‡ | −1.33 (−3.51, 0.62) | 0.92 (0.81, 1.04) | 0.18 |
| Heart disease | |||
| Model 1: Age adjusted | 0.94 (0.49, 1.38) | 1.07 (1.03, 1.10) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2: Multivariable † | 1.20 (0.69, 1.71) | 1.09 (1.05, 1.13) | <0.0001 |
| Model 3: Multivariable ‡ | −1.34 (−3.57, 0.70) | 0.91 (0.79, 1.05) | 0.19 |
| Stroke | |||
| Model 1: Age adjusted | 0.32 (−0.11, 0.70) | 1.06 (0.98, 1.13) | 0.13 |
| Model 2: Multivariable † | 0.37 (−0.15, 0.80) | 1.06 (0.98, 1.15) | 0.13 |
| Model 3: Multivariable ‡ | −0.46 (−2.50, 1.41) | 0.93 (0.68, 1.25) | 0.62 |
| Cancer | |||
| Model 1: Age adjusted | 0.58 (0.087, 1.10) | 1.04 (1.01, 1.08) | 0.021 |
| Model 2: Multivariable † | 0.56 (0.022, 1.16) | 1.04 (1.00, 1.08) | 0.047 |
| Model 3: Multivariable ‡ | −1.04 (−3.10, 1.12) | 0.93 (0.81, 1.08) | 0.34 |
Abbreviations: ATBC = Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention, CVD = cardiovascular disease, HDL = high-density lipoprotein, HR = hazard ratio, SD = standard deviation
Absolute risk differences and HRs of overall and cause-specific mortality are for each 50 g increment of egg consumption per day.
Models were adjusted for age, body mass index, cigarettes smoked per day, years of smoking, serum total and HDL cholesterol, intervention assignment, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, education, physical activity, levels of serum alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene and retinol, and daily dietary total energy, alcohol, and percentage of energy from protein, carbohydrates, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Total event number for all-cause-, CVD-, heart disease-, stroke-, and cancer-death is 22035, 9110, 7450, 1621 and 7213, respectively.
Models were further adjusted for dietary cholesterol.