Table 3. RADIX Response Profiles and Coping Scores for the Four Classes, With Statistical Comparisons.
| (a) RADIX response profiles for the four classesa | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domain | Class 1 disease-diagnosis(n = 141.9, 13.7%) | Class 2 disease-symptoms(n = 504.4, 48.8%) | Class 3 aging(n = 117.2, 11.3%) | Class 4 unclear(n = 269.4, 26.1%) | Statisticalcomparison |
| Note. RADIX = Representations and Adjustment to Dementia Index. | |||||
| a Categorical variables are presented as percentages (SE), and continuous variables as M (SE). Bold chi-square test results indicate significance at the 5% level after Holm–Bonferroni correction. Where significant, post hoc comparisons between each class were reported if p < .004, and these significant differences are denoted by numbered superscripts which correspond with class number. For example, under the results for Class 1, superscripts 2, 3, and 4 indicate that the mean for the given variable was significantly different from Classes 2, 3, and 4 after Bonferroni correction. b Bold chi-square test results indicate significance at the 5% level after Holm–Bonferroni correction. Where significant, post hoc comparisons between each class were reported if p < .008, and these significant differences are denoted by numbered superscripts which correspond with class number. For example, under the results for Class 1, superscripts 2, 3, and 4 would indicate that the mean for the given variable was significantly different from Classes 2, 3, and 4 after Bonferroni correction. | |||||
| Identity | 2,3,4 | 1,3 | 1,2,4 | 1,3 | χ2(12) = 53.15, p < .001 |
| Diagnostic label | 43.9 (4.2) | 29.0 (3.8) | 10.5 (2.6) | 25.9 (3.7) | |
| Descriptive-symptoms | 31.1 (3.9) | 48.4 (4.2) | 57.1 (4.2) | 46.5 (4.2) | |
| Descriptive-emotional | 11.7 (2.7) | 5.6 (1.9) | 0.0 (0.0) | 5.1 (1.8) | |
| Don’t know | 4.6 (1.8) | 10.1 (2.5) | 9.1 (2.4) | 14.6 (3.0) | |
| Other | 8.7 (2.4) | 6.8 (2.1) | 23.3 (3.5) | 7.8 (2.3) | |
| Missing | 3.2% | 2.8% | 4.4% | 3.4% | |
| Cause | 2,3,4 | 1,3,4 | 1,2,4 | 1,2,3 | χ2(9) = 494.67, p < .001 |
| Aging | 4.4 (1.7) | 21.3 (3.4) | 100.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | |
| Brain/disease/hereditary | 57.2 (4.2) | 44.7 (4.2) | 0.0 (0.0) | 45.0 (4.2) | |
| Lifestyle/life events | 12.9 (2.8) | 9.2 (2.4) | 0.0 (0.0) | 13.1 (2.8) | |
| Don’t know/unclassifiable | 25.4 (3.7) | 24.8 (3.6) | 0.0 (0.0) | 41.8 (4.1) | |
| Missing | 0.1% | 0.4% | 0.2% | 0.2% | |
| Timeline | 2,3,4 | 1,3,4 | 1,2,4 | 1,2,3 | χ2(9) = 787.50, p < .001 |
| Better | 0.9 (0.8) | 0.2 (0.4) | 10.8 (2.6) | 16.8 (3.1) | |
| Same | 3.4 (1.5) | 1.2 (0.9) | 43.9 (4.2) | 37.6 (4.1) | |
| Worse | 75.8 (3.6) | 68.2 (3.9) | 02.6 (1.3) | 3.3 (1.5) | |
| Unsure | 19.9 (3.3) | 30.4 (3.9) | 42.7 (4.2) | 42.3 (4.1) | |
| Missing | 3.8% | 4.6% | 7.1% | 5.3% | |
| Control | 2,3,4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | χ2(9) = 66.45, p < .001 |
| Strongly agree | 10.5 (2.6) | 4.4 (1.7) | 7.1 (2.2) | 0.9 (0.8) | |
| Agree | 41.2 (4.1) | 61.1 (4.1) | 63.0 (4.1) | 61.3 (4.1) | |
| Disagree | 33.5 (4.0) | 32.7 (3.9) | 29.9 (3.8) | 27.3 (3.7) | |
| Strongly disagree | 14.9 (3.0) | 1.8 (1.1) | 0.0 (0.0) | 2.4 (1.3) | |
| Missing | 5.4% | 9.9% | 13.7% | 10.1% | |
| Diagnosis awareness | 2,3,4 | 1,3 | 1,2,4 | 1,3 | χ2(3) = 62.57, p < 0.001 |
| Yes aware | 83.9 (3.1) | 67.6 (3.9) | 40.0 (4.1) | 62.1 (4.1) | |
| No not aware | 16.1 (3.1) | 32.4 (3.9) | 60.0 (4.1) | 37.9 (4.1) | |
| Missing | 1.5% | 2.9% | 1.6% | 2.4% | |
| Diagnosis knowledge | 2,3,4 | 1,3 | 1,2,4 | 1,3 | χ2(3) = 81.55, p < .001 |
| Diagnosis stated | 81.5 (3.3) | 59.3 (4.1) | 31.3 (3.9) | 50.2 (4.2) | |
| Diagnosis not stated | 18.5 (3.3) | 40.7 (4.1) | 68.7 (3.9) | 49.8 (4.2) | |
| Missing | 1.7% | 3.4% | 2.5% | 4.3% | |
| Consequences | Class 1 M (SE) range, % missing |
Class 2 M (SE) range, % missing |
Class 3 M (SE) range, % missing |
Class 4 M (SE) range, % missing |
Statistical comparison |
| Practical consequences | 10.66 (0.25)2,3,4
4–16, 5.6% |
9.63 (0.10)1,3
4–16, 7.9% |
8.76 (0.16)1,2
4–14, 10.3% |
9.32 (0.14)1
4–16, 7.4% |
χ2(3) = 44.89, p < .001 |
| Emotional consequences | 14.12 (0.34)2,3,4
5–20, 4.2% |
13.00 (0.14)1,3
5–20, 6.9% |
11.42 (0.24)1,2,4
5–19, 9.4% |
12.51 (0.20)1,3
5–20, 6.3% |
χ2(3) = 50.64, p < .001 |
| (b) Coping styles for the four classesb | |||||
| Coping strategies | Class 1 M (SE) range, % missing |
Class 2 M (SE) range, % missing |
Class 3 M (SE) range, % missing |
Class 4 M (SE) range, % missing |
Statistical comparison |
| Problem-focused | 18.08 (0.25) 12–24, 9.2% |
17.85 (0.11)3
12–24, 10.5% |
17.25 (0.21)2,4
13–24, 12.0% |
18.01 (0.15)3
12–24, 12.6% |
χ2(3) = 10.62, p = .014 |
| Cognitive reappraisal | 6.42 (0.10) 2–8, 7.1% |
6.15 (0.04) 4–8, 7.9% |
6.13 (0.07) 5–8, 10.1% |
6.11 (0.06) 2–8, 8.3% |
χ2(3) = 7.59, p = .055 |
| Avoidant | 8.10 (0.17) 3–12, 6.7% |
8.22 (0.07) 3–12, 7.2% |
8.17 (0.14) 6–12, 11.3% |
7.96 (0.10) 3–12, 8.2% |
χ2(3) = 3.77, p = .287 |
| Seeking social support | 2.95 (0.08) 1–4, 4.5% |
2.91 (0.03) 1–4, 5.0% |
2.73 (0.07) 1–4, 5.4% |
2.75 (0.05) 1–4, 5.2% |
χ2(3) = 11.70, p = .008 |