Table 3.

Raw MoCA index scores of participants and normative controls

	Participant performance		Normative performance		95% Confidence interval of the mean difference
MoCA index (Score range)	Mean	SD	Test value	Mean difference	Lower	Upper	P value	Effect size Cohen’s d
Executive Index (0–13)	10.4	1.9	12.0	−1.6	−2.2	−1.1	< 0.001	1.36
Memory Index (0–15)	10.7	3.3	10.4	0.3	−0.7	1.1	0.600	0.07
Visuospatial Index (0–7)	6.1	1.1	6.3	−0.2	−0.6	0.1	0.200	0.23
Language Index (0–6)	4.3	1.0	5.5	−1.2	−1.50	−0.9	< 0.001	1.60
Attention Index (0–18)	14.5	2.8	17.0	−2.4	−3.2	−1.6	< 0.001	1.80
Orientation Index (0–6)	5.9	0.3	5.9	−0.01	−0.1	0.1	0.888	0.04