TABLE 1.

Basic information of the studies included in this review and meta-analysis.

First authors (years)	Country	Control	Age (mean ± SD)		Male/Female		Sample size	Sample material	Platform	Quality control
			Ctrl	POAG	Ctrl	POAG	Ctrl/POAG
Myer et al. (2020)	United States	Cataract	70.71 ± 8.05	73.74 ± 9.07	35/0	20/3	35/23	AH	NMR, IROA	6
Buisset et al. (2019)	France	Cataract	74.69	74.92	14/12	14/12	26/26	AH	LC-MS	7
Barbosa Breda et al. (2020)	Belgium	Cataract	75 ± 8	72 ± 10	13/16	10/17	29/27	AH	NMR	7
Skrzypecki et al. (2021)	Poland	Cataract	73.7 ± 1.8	72.1 ± 1.9	/	/	20/20	AH and Plasma	LC-MS	6
Ghanem et al. (2012)	Egypt	Cataract	61.28 ± 3.23	63.53 ± 4.72	19/16	26/24	35/50	AH and Plasma	LC-MS	7
Ghanem et al. (2011)	Egypt	Cataract	61.3 ± 3.4	62.2 ± 2.5	14/16	18/17	30/35	AH and Plasma	Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	7
Cabrerizo et al. (2017)	Spain	Healthy myopia	55.9 ± 7.96	68.8 ± 7.83	6/4	4/6	10/10	AH	LC-MS (lipid)	7
Kotikoski et al. (2002)	Finland	Cataract	77 ± 7	75 ± 8	8/30	8/30	38/38	AH	Immunoassay	7
Tang et al. (2021b)	China	Cataract	65.6 ± 11.32	58.89 ± 14.9	11/14	16/12	25/28	AH and Plasma	LC-MS	7
Leruez et al. (2018)	France	Cataract	73.04	72	15/12	15/21	27/36	Plasma	LC-MS	7
Kouassi Nzoughet et al. (2020)	France	Cataract	73.77	73.06	15/15	17/17	30/34	Plasma	LC-MS	7
Kouassi Nzoughet et al. (2019)	France	Cataract	70.27	64.85	7/8	15/5	15/20	Plasma	LC-MS	7
Umeno et al. (2019)	Japan	Cataract	70.6 ± 10.9	70.4 ± 11.1	36/83	92/106	119/198	Plasma	LC-MS	6
Javadiyan et al. (2012)	Australia	Healthy	76 ± 8.3	78 ± 8.21	135/160	110/101	295/211	Plasma	LC-MS	6
Pulukool et al. (2021)	India	Cataract	/	/	/	/	6/6	AH	LC-MS	6
Pan et al. (2020)	China	Cataract	74.222	72.5	6/10	12/13	16/25	AH	GC-MS	7
Burgess et al. (2015)	United States	Healthy	68.5	67.8	31/41	27/45	72/72	Plasma	LC-MS	7
Gong et al. (2020)	China	Healthy	53.8 ± 7.87	54.77 ± 9.32	14/16	14/16	30/30	Plasma	GC-MS	7