Table 2. Distribution of the socio-demographics and comorbid mental and physical illnesses with substance abuse disorder based on before and during the pandemic.

Variables	Before COVID-19 pandemic			During the COVID-19 pandemic
	No	Yes	χ2 (p-value)	No	Yes	χ2 (p-value)
	(271, 94.10%)	(17, 5.90%)		(138, 90.20%)	(15, 9.80%)
Stage of adolescence
Early	29 (100)	0	14.77 (0.001)	14 (100)	0	4.64 (0.098)
Middle	117 (99.15)	1 (0.85)		61 (93.85)	4 (6.15)
Late	125 (88.65)	16 (11.35)		63 (85.14)	11 (14.86)
Gender
Female	148 (100)	0	19.38 (<0.001)	69 (100)	0	14.01 (<0.001)
Male	121 (87.68)	17 (12.32)		67 (81.71)	15 (18.29)
Comorbid mental illnesses and physical illnesses
1. Schizophrenia and other primary psychosis (6A2)
No	192 (91.87)	17 (8.13)	6.83 (0.009)	96 (87.27)	14 (12.73)	3.78 (0.052)
Yes	79 (100)	0		42 (97.67)	1 (2.33)
2. Bipolar mood disorders (6A8)
No	156 (90.17)	17 (9.83)	12.01 (0.001)	76 (85.39)	13 (14.61)	5.55 (0.018)
Yes	115 (100)	0		62 (96.88)	2 (3.13)
3. Depression
No	239 (93.36)	17 (6.64)	2.26 (0.133)	124 (89.86)	14 (10.14)
Yes	32 (100)	0		14 (93.33)	1 (6.67)	0.18 (0.667)
4. Anxiety and fear-related disorders (6B0)
No	262 (93.91)	17 (6.09)	0.58 (0.445)	132 (89.80)	15 (10.20)	0.68 (0.410)
Yes	9 (100)	0		6 (100)	0
5. Neurodevelopmental disorders (6A0)
No	264 (93.95)	17 (6.05)	0.45 (0.502)	135 (90.00)	15 (10.00)	0.33 (0.564)
Yes	7 (100)	0		3 (100)	0
6. Factitious disorders (6D5)
No	266 (93.99)	17 (6.01)	0.32 (0.572)	137 (90.13)	15 (9.87)	0.11 (0.741)
Yes	5 (100)	0		1 (100)	0
7. Elimination disorders (6C0)
No	270 (94.08)	17 (5.92)	0.06 (0.802)	138 (90.20)	15 (9.80)	NA
Yes	1 (100)	0		0	0
8. Personality disorder (8D1)
No	269 (94.06)	17 (5.94)	0.13 (0.722)	138 (90.20)	15 (9.80)	NA
Yes	2 (100)	0		0	0
9. Dissociative disorders (6B6)
No	270 (94.08)	17 (5.92)	0.06 (0.802)	138 (90.20)	15 (9.80)	NA
Yes	1 (100)	0		0	0
10. Disruptive behavior and dissocial disorders (6C9)
No	270 (94.08)	17 (5.92)	0.06 (0.802)	137 (90.13)	15 (9.87)	0.11 (0.741)
Yes	1 (100)	0		1 (100)	0
11. Catatonia
No	271 (94.10)	17 (5.90)	NA	137 (90.13)	15 (9.87)	0.11 (0.741)
Yes	0	0		1 (100)	0
12. Disorders specifically associated with stress disorders (6B4)
No	267 (94.01)	17 (5.99)	0.25 (0.614)	133 (90.48)	14 (9.52)	0.33 (0.564)
Yes	4 (100)	0		5 (83.33)	1 (16.67)
13. Mental and behavioral disorders associated with pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium, (6E2)
No	271 (94.10)	17 (5.90)	NA	137 (90.13)	15 (9.87)	0.11 (0.741)
Yes	0	0		1 (100)	0
14. Disorders of bodily distress and bodily experience (6C2)
No	264 (93.95)	17 (6.05)	0.45 (0.502)	136 (90.07)	15 (9.93)	0.22 (0.639)
Yes	7 (100)	0		2 (100)	0
15. Impulsive control disorders (6C7)
No	269 (94.06)	17 (5.94)	0.13 (0.722)	136 (90.07)	15 (9.93)	0.22 (0.639)
Yes	2 (100)	0		2 (100)	0
16. HIV
No	261 (93.88)	17 (6.12)	0.65 (0.420)	135 (90.00)	15 (10.00)	0.33 (0.564)
Yes	10 (100)	0		3 (100)	0