Table 1.
Summary of animal models of PD-related depression induced by MPTP.
| Number | Reference | Model animal | Gender | Route | Dosage of MPTP/MPP+ | Assessment of depression behavior |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Zhang et al. (2016) | 8-week 24–26 g C57BL/6 mice | Male | i.p. | MPTP (25 mg/kg) once a day for five consecutive days | FST↑, TST↑ |
| 2 | Chung et al. (2015) | 8–9-week 18–25 g C57BL/6 and ICR mice | Male | i.p. | MPTP (20 mg/kg) every 2 h for three times in one day | TST↑ |
| 3 | Okano et al. (2019) | 8–10-week 20–27 g C57BL/6J mice | Male | i.p. | MPTP (16, 17.5, 19, 20 mg/kg) every 2 h for four times in one day | TST↑ |
| 4 | Sampaio et al. (2018) | 90-day 22–30 g C57BL/6 mice | Male | i.p. | MPTP (20 mg/kg) every 2 h for four times in one day | FST↑ |
| 5 | Yan et al. (2020) | C57BL-6 mice | Male | i.p. | MPTP (30 mg/kg) once a day for five consecutive days | TST↑, ST↓ |
| 6 | Tang et al. (2020) | 67#x02013;8-week C57BL/6 mice | Male | i.p. | MPTP (30 mg/kg) once a day for seven consecutive days | TST↑, FST↑, SPT↓ |
| 7 | Zhang et al. (2015) | 22–26 g C57BL/6 mice | Male | i.p. | MPTP (25 mg/kg) once a day for seven consecutive days | SPT↓, FST↑, TST↑ |
| 8 | Krupina et al. (2000) | 320–380 g albino Wistar rats | Male | i.p. | MPTP (20 mg/kg) once a day for 14 consecutive days | SPT↓, FST↑ |
| 9 | Pankova et al. (2004) | 380–430 g Wistar rats | Male | i.p. | MPTP (20 mg/kg) once a day for 13 consecutive days | / |
| 10 | Krupina et al. (2006) | 320–450 g Wistar rats | Male | i.p. | MPTP (20 mg/kg) once a day for 14 consecutive days | SPT↓, FST↑ |
| 11 | Khlebnikova et al. (2009a) | 400–450 g Wistar rats | Male | i.p. | MPTP (20 mg/kg) once a day for 14 consecutive days | SPT↓, FST↑ |
| 12 | Khlebnikova et al. (2013) | 340–400 g Wistar rats | Male | i.p. | MPTP (20 mg/kg) once a day for 14 consecutive days | SPT↓, FST↑ |
| 13 | Khlebnikova et al. (2009b) | 320–450 g Wistar rats | Male | i.p. | MPTP (20 mg/kg) once a day for 14 consecutive days | SPT↓, FST↑ |
| 14 | Kiselev et al. (2019) | 20–22 g outbred mice, 24–26 g inbred C57BL/6 mice, 250–280 g outbred albino rats | Male | i.p. | MPTP (30 mg/kg) | FST↑ |
| 15 | Li et al. (2018) | 8-week C57BL/6 mice | Male | i.p. | MPTP (25 mg/kg) once a day for five consecutive days | SPT↓, FST↑, TST↑ |
| 16 | Krupina et al. (2010) | 350–450 g Wistar rats | Male | i.p. | MPTP (20 mg/kg) once a day for 2 weeks | SPT↓, FST↑ |
| 17 | Krupina et al. (2002) | 350–450 g albino Wistar rats | Male | i.p. | MPTP (20 mg/kg) once a day for 16 consecutive days | SPT↓, FST↑ |
| 18 | Schamne et al. (2018) | 3-month 20–25 g C57BL/6 mice (some were ovariectomized at 2 months old) and 20-month 25–30 g female C57BL/6 mice | Male Female | bilateral nasal drip | MPTP (1 mg/nostril) | SPT↓, ST↓, TST↑, FST↑ |
| 19 | Castro et al. (2013) | 4-month 300–350 g Wistar rats, 25–30 day Wistar rats | Male | bilateral nasal drip | MPTP (1 mg/nostril) | FST↑, SPT↓ |
| 20 | Barbiero et al. (2014) | 3-month 280–320 g Wistar rats | Male | stereotactic injection (bilateral SN) | MPTP (100 μg/site) | FST↑ |
| 21 | Santiago et al. (2010) | 280–320 g Wistar rats | Male | stereotactic injection (bilateral SN) | MPTP (100 μg/site) | ModifiedFST↑, SPT↓ |
| 22 | Moretti et al. (2015) | 3-month 30–35 g C57BL/6 mice | Male | stereotactic injection (bilateral SN) | MPP+ (8 μg/site) | TST↑, ST↓ |
| 23 | Cunha et al. (2017) | 60–75-day 25–35 g C57BL/6 mice | Male | stereotactic injection (bilateral SN) | MPP+ (1.8 μg/mouse and 18 μg/mouse) | FST↑, TST↑, ST↓ |
i.p., intraperitoneal injection; SN, substantia nigra; FST, forced swimming test; TST, tail suspension test; SPT, sucrose preference test; ST, spatter test. ↑, The increased immobility time;↓, The presence of anhedonia.