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. 2022 May 13;13:899756. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.899756

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Copyright © 2022 Zhang, Gao, Qu, Luo, Wang and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Stability of candidate reference genes in B. tabaci under various tolerance for insecticides. In a RefFinder analysis, increasing Geomean values correspond to decreasing gene expression stability. The Geomean values for the following B. tabaci samples are presented. (A) Pymetrozine: samples treated with pymetrozine; (B) chlorpyrifos: samples treated with chlorpyrifos; (C) imidacloprid: samples treated with imidacloprid; (D) flupyradifurone: samples treated with flupyradifurone; (E) sulfoxaflor: samples treated with sulfoxaflor; (F) flonicamid: samples treated with flonicamid; (G) cyantraniliprole: samples treated with cyantraniliprole; (H) afidopyropen: samples treated with afidopyropen; (I) avermectin: samples treated with avermectin; (J) deltamethrin: samples treated with deltamethrin; (K) β-cypermethrin: samples treated with β-cypermethrin; and (L) insecticides: samples treated with all tested insecticides. The candidate reference genes are as follows: miR-1-3p, miR-9a, miR-11, miR-184, miR-100-5p, miR-275, miR-252a, miR-279d, miR-277, miR-624, and U6 snRNA.