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Diabetic nephropathy (DN)’s pathogenesis. Fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress all have an involvement in the onset and progression of DN, and each of these pathways is intricately linked and reinforcing each other. A major part of DN is oxidative stress, which triggers inflammation and fibrosis, both of which increase oxidative stress; renal fibrosis occurs as a result of inflammation, exacerbating the inflammatory response.
