Table 1.
Specifications of studies entered into the meta-analysis.
| Author, year, Reference | Country | Age (Year) | type of study | type of exercise | Method | Time to start the intervention | Review time | sample size Control group | sample size intervention group | Mean ± SD of Before | Mean ± SD of After | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mohammadi, 2010,[21] | Iran | 25.2 ± 4.7 | Controlled randomized clinical trial | Pregnancy exercises 20–30 min per session, 3 times a week | Fatigue Identification Form | Third trimester of pregnancy | Two months after delivery | 127 | 127 | 8.20 ± 3.56 | 6.80 ± 2.91 | ˂0.05 |
| Mohammadi et al., 2013,[22] | Iran | 25.5 ± 4.6 | Controlled randomized clinical trial | Pregnancy exercises 20–30 min per session, 3 times a week | Fatigue Identification Form | 28–32 weeks of pregnancy | Two months after delivery | 32 | 32 | 8.26 ± 5.19 | 7.61 ± 6.00 | 0.87 |
| Mohammadi et al., 2015,[23] | Iran | 25.3 ± 5.2 | Controlled randomized clinical trial | Pregnancy exercises 20–30 min per session, 3 times a week | Fatigue Identification Form | 28–32 weeks of pregnancy | Two months after delivery | 36 | 42 | 8.14 ± 3.94 | 6.50 ± 5.14 | ˂0.05 |
| Ashrafinia et al., 2015,[24] | Iran | 24.6 ± 3.6 | Controlled randomized clinical trial | Pilates exercises five times a week (30 min per session) for eight consecutive week | Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) | 72 h after delivery | Two months after delivery | 40 | 40 | 11.15 ± 2.17 | 7.80 ± 2.02 | < 0.001 |
| Ko et al., 2008,[25] | Taiwan | 34.17 ± 3.20 | Controlled randomized clinical trial | Six sessions a month and 30 min each session | Fatigue Symptom Checklist (FSC) | 72 h after delivery | One months after delivery | 30 | 31 | 3.97 ± 3.14 | 2.58 ± 2.54 | ˂0.05 |
| Dritsa et al., 2008,[26] | Canada | 34.33 ± 3.36 | Controlled randomized clinical trial | 60–120 min of aerobic exercise per week for 12 weeks | Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) | 4–38 weeks of pregnancy | 9 weeks after delivery | 42 | 46 | 16.63 ± 2.89 | 15.36 ± 4.02 | ˃0.05 |
| Dritsa et al., 2009,[27] | Canada | 34.57 ± 3.36 | Controlled randomized clinical trial | 60–120 min of aerobic exercise per week for 12 weeks | Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) | 4–38 weeks of pregnancy | 9 weeks after delivery | 39 | 38 | 14.52 ± 4.00 | 12.60 ± 4.54 | ˃0.05 |
| Yang et al., 2018,[28] | Taiwan | – | Controlled randomized clinical trial | Aerobic gymnastics three times a week and each session for 15 min for 2 months | Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) | 72 h after delivery | Two months after delivery | 64 | 64 | 14.13 ± 7.19 | 10.43 ± 6.38 | ˂0.05 |
| Annesi, 2002,[29] | USA | 36.3 ± 6.3 | Controlled randomized clinical trial | Three practice sessions per week and each session 20–40 min for 4 weeks | Fatigue Identification Form | 48 h after delivery | 14 weeks after delivery | 36 | 36 | 4.90 ± 2.20 | 3.70 ± 2.20 | – |