Table 2.
Comparison of clinical characteristics at dialysis initiation: Survivors and nonsurvivors
| Characteristics | Survivors (n=198) | Nonsurvivors (n=218) | Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | P Value for Odds Ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr, mean±SD | 60.0±14.5 | 64.0±14.4 | 0.981 | 0.967 to 0.994 | 0.006 |
| Sex, n | |||||
| M/F | 109/89 | 133/85 | 0.783 | 0.529 to 1.156 | 0.219 |
| Reason for ICU admission | 0.063 | ||||
| Medical causes, n | 122 | 117 | Reference | ||
| Cardiac surgery, n | 31 | 59 | 0.504 | 0.305 to 0.834 | 0.008 |
| Vascular surgery, n | 18 | 20 | 0.863 | 0.434 to 1.712 | 0.674 |
| Abdominal surgery, n | 19 | 11 | 1.656 | 0.756 to 3.630 | 0.207 |
| Trauma surgery, n | 3 | 4 | 0.719 | 0.158 to 3.283 | 0.671 |
| Burns, n | 2 | 5 | 0.384 | 0.073 to 2.016 | 0.258 |
| Neurosurgery, n | 3 | 2 | 1.438 | 0.787 to 8.764 | 0.693 |
| Length of stay, d, mean±SD | 26.6±18.4 | 16.1±17.1 | 1.034 | 1.024 to 1.052 | <0.001 |
| Hospital admission to ICU transfer, d, mean±SD | 2.4±5.0 | 4.6±12.5 | 0.966 | 0.937 to 0.997 | 0.030 |
| Charlson comorbidity score, mean±SD | 5.2±3.2 | 5.2±2.5 | 1.010 | 0.944 to 1.080 | 0.769 |
| No diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 111 (56) | 117 (54) | 1.057 | 0.718 to 1.556 | 0.778 |
| CAD, n (%) | 69 (35) | 78 (36) | 0.960 | 0.642 to 1.436 | 0.843 |
| CHF, n (%) | 79 (40) | 86 (40) | 1.019 | 0.688 to 1.600 | 0.925 |
| COPD, n (%) | 21 (11) | 38 (17) | 0.562 | 0.317 to 0.996 | 0.048 |
| Decompensated liver disease, n (%) | 4 (2) | 11 (5) | 0.623 | 0.122 to 1.124 | 0.110 |
| Baseline CKD, n (%) | 118 (60) | 83 (38) | 1.733 | 1.205 to 2.550 | 0.003 |
| Active malignancy (non-heme), n (%) | 14 (7) | 15 (7) | 1.029 | 0.484 to 2.191 | 0.939 |
| Hematologic malignancy, n (%) | 3 (2) | 12 (6) | 0.265 | 0.074 to 0.955 | 0.042 |
| APACHE II score, mean±SDa | |||||
| On ICU admission | 25.0±7.8 | 26.7±9.4 | 0.978 | 0.957 to 1.001 | 0.059 |
| At/within 24 hours of RRT start | 26.5±7.0 | 31.1±7.5 | 0.916 | 0.890 to 0.945 | <0.001 |
| SOFA score, mean±SDa | |||||
| On ICU admission | 9.0±3.9 | 10.8±4.6 | 0.906 | 0.866 to 0.950 | <0.001 |
| Within 24 hours of RRT start | 9.8±4.0 | 13.6±3.8 | 0.791 | 0.748 to 0.837 | <0.001 |
| BUN at start, mg/dl, mean±SD | 86.0±42.8 | 70.3±33.6 | 1.011 | 1.005 to 1.016 | <0.001 |
| S. creatinine at start, mg/dl, mean±SD | 5.77±4.95 | 3.68±2.29 | 1.334 | 1.202 to 1.480 | <0.001 |
| S. potassium at start, mmol/L, mean±SD | 5.2±1.4 | 4.8±1.2 | 1.243 | 1.068 to 1.446 | 0.005 |
| Arterial pH at start, mean±SDa | 7.29±0.12 | 7.27±0.14 | 3.755 | 0.820 to 17.191 | 0.087 |
| pCO2 at start, mm Hg, mean±SD | 38±0.9 | 39±1 | 0.991 | 0.977 to 1.006 | 0.273 |
| S. HCO3 at start, mmol/L, mean±SD | 19.3±5.9 | 19.3±6.3 | 0.999 | 0.968 to 1.031 | 0.943 |
| S. albumin, g/dL, mean±SD | 2.6±1.1 | 2.2±0.7 | 1.825 | 1.393 to 2.391 | <0.001 |
| S. lactate, mmol/L at 24 hours of starta, mean±SD | 2.0±2.0 | 4.4±4.4 | 0.756 | 0.683 to 0.837 | <0.001 |
| CRRT/IHD as initial RRT modality | 88/110 | 173/45 | 0.208 | 0.135 to 0.320 | <0.001 |
| RRT start from stage 3 AKI, h, mean±SD | 47.8±109.2 | 25.6±48.3 | 1.005 | 1.001 to 1.009 | 0.013 |
| Ventilatory support at RRT start, n (%) | 115 (58) | 181 (83) | 0.283 | 0.180 to 0.445 | <0.001 |
| ECMO at RRT start, n (%) | 0 (0) | 15 (7) | — | — | — |
| IABP at RRT start, n (%) | 22 (10) | 9 (5) | 0.422 | 0.189 to 0.940 | 0.035 |
| LVAD support at RRT start, n (%) | 10 (5) | 23 (11) | 0.448 | 0.208 to 0.968 | 0.041 |
| SCUF before RRT start, n (%) | 25 (12) | 21 (11) | 0.937 | 0.506 to 1.734 | 0.836 |
M/F, male/female; ICU, intensive care unit; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Score; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score; S., serum; pCO2, partial pressure of CO2; HCO3, serum bicarbonate level; CRRT, continuous RRT; IHD, intermittent hemodialysis; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; LVAD, left ventricular assist device; SCUF, slow continuous ultrafiltration.
a
Only for complete patients.