Table 1.
Characteristics by age at menarche (N=4513)
| Variables | ≤14 years N=946 |
15 years n=671 |
16 years n=930 |
17 years n=702 |
≥18 years n=1264 |
P value |
| Age (years) | 56.88±9.38 | 57.49±9.34 | 58.41±9.42 | 58.6±9.12 | 60.57±8.91 | <0.001* |
| Educational attainment | ||||||
| Illiterate | 300 (31.71) | 233 (34.72) | 378 (40.65) | 314 (44.73) | 649 (51.34) | <0.001 |
| Less than elementary school | 527 (55.71) | 383 (57.08) | 486 (52.26) | 343 (48.86) | 572 (45.25) | |
| High school | 82 (8.67) | 42 (6.26) | 48 (5.16) | 34 (4.84) | 34 (2.69) | |
| Above vocational school | 37 (3.91) | 13 (1.94) | 18 (1.94) | 11 (1.57) | 9 (0.71) | |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single | 137 (14.48) | 79 (11.77) | 137 (14.73) | 98 (13.96) | 207 (16.38) | 0.101 |
| Married | 809 (85.52) | 592 (88.23) | 793 (85.27) | 604 (86.04) | 1057 (83.62) | |
| Region | ||||||
| Rural | 519 (54.86) | 426 (63.49) | 577 (62.04) | 454 (64.67) | 885 (70.02) | <0.001 |
| Urban | 427 (45.14) | 245 (36.51) | 353 (37.96) | 248 (35.33) | 379 (29.98) | |
| Cigarette smoking | ||||||
| Never smoker | 883 (93.34) | 629 (93.74) | 846 (90.97) | 646 (92.02) | 1156 (91.46) | 0.017 |
| Previous smoker | 8 (0.85) | 11 (1.64) | 18 (1.94) | 13 (1.85) | 38 (3.01) | |
| Current smoker | 55 (5.81) | 31 (4.62) | 66 (7.1) | 43 (6.13) | 70 (5.54) | |
| Alcohol consumption | ||||||
| Never drinker | 827 (87.42) | 607 (90.46) | 809 (86.99) | 620 (88.32) | 1100 (87.03) | 0.520 |
| Less than once a month | 45 (4.76) | 26 (3.87) | 48 (5.16) | 37 (5.27) | 65 (5.14) | |
| More than once a month | 74 (7.82) | 38 (5.66) | 73 (7.85) | 45 (6.41) | 99 (7.83) | |
| Eating habits | ||||||
| ≤2 meals per day | 131 (13.85) | 99 (14.75) | 123 (13.23) | 82 (11.68) | 172 (13.61) | 0.706 |
| 3 meals per day | 804 (84.99) | 567 (84.5) | 794 (85.38) | 609 (86.75) | 1073 (84.89) | |
| ≥4 meals per day | 11 (1.16) | 5 (0.75) | 13 (1.40) | 11 (1.57) | 19 (1.50) | |
| Entertainment | ||||||
| No | 417 (44.08) | 335 (49.93) | 470 (50.54) | 372 (52.99) | 655 (51.82) | 0.002 |
| Yes | 529 (55.92) | 336 (50.07) | 460 (49.46) | 330 (47.01) | 609 (48.18) | |
| Experience of a traumatic event | ||||||
| No | 881 (93.13) | 630 (93.89) | 867 (93.23) | 652 (92.88) | 1169 (92.48) | 0.837 |
| Yes | 65 (6.87) | 41 (6.11) | 63 (6.77) | 50 (7.12) | 95 (7.52) | |
| Physical activity | ||||||
| No physical exercise | 587 (62.05) | 393 (58.57) | 556 (59.78) | 428 (60.97) | 771 (61.00) | 0.260 |
| Less than regular physical exercises | 178 (18.82) | 137 (20.42) | 171 (18.39) | 136 (19.37) | 271 (21.44) | |
| Regular physical exercises | 181 (19.13) | 141 (21.01) | 203 (21.83) | 138 (19.66) | 222 (17.56) | |
| History of CVDs | ||||||
| No | 810 (85.62) | 590 (87.93) | 780 (83.87) | 605 (86.18) | 1115 (88.21) | 0.033 |
| Yes | 136 (14.38) | 81 (12.07) | 150 (16.13) | 97 (13.82) | 149 (11.79) | |
| Hepatitis history | ||||||
| No | 910 (96.19) | 647 (96.42) | 885 (95.16) | 670 (95.44) | 1226 (96.99) | 0.205 |
| Yes | 36 (3.81) | 24 (3.58) | 45 (4.84) | 32 (4.56) | 38 (3.01) | |
| History of antilipidaemic medication | ||||||
| No | 884 (93.45) | 628 (93.59) | 884 (95.05) | 656 (93.45) | 1184 (93.67) | 0.566 |
| Yes | 62 (6.55) | 43 (6.41) | 46 (4.95) | 46 (6.55) | 80 (6.33) | |
| History of antidiabetic medication | ||||||
| No | 910 (96.19) | 645 (96.13) | 883 (94.95) | 663 (94.44) | 1213 (95.97) | 0.309 |
| Yes | 36 (3.81) | 26 (3.87) | 47 (5.05) | 39 (5.56) | 51 (4.03) | |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 119.66±35.04 | 118.04±35.61 | 120.62±34.81 | 121.79±36.79 | 121.45±35.27 | 0.065* |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 50.57±14.17 | 51.31±14.01 | 50.84±14.43 | 51.05±14.18 | 53.2±14.87 | <0.001* |
| LDL-C/HDL-C | 2.50±0.90 | 2.42±0.89 | 2.52±0.91 | 2.51±0.92 | 2.43±0.92 | 0.242* |
| TG (mg/dL) | 143.09±99.89 | 142.86±103.67 | 142.07±98.31 | 145.85±132.3 | 124.16±76.25 | <0.001* |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.31±0.83 | 5.25±0.86 | 5.31±0.89 | 5.32±0.84 | 5.27±0.76 | 0.594* |
| Scr (mg/dL) | 0.69±0.14 | 0.69±0.14 | 0.70±0.18 | 0.68±0.13 | 0.69±0.15 | 0.813* |
| SUA (mg/dL) | 4.09±1.10 | 3.99±1.09 | 4.04±1.07 | 4.01±1.01 | 3.97±1.05 | 0.021* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.63±4.11 | 24.39±4.15 | 24.02±3.90 | 24.18±4.49 | 23.36±3.99 | <0.001* |
| WC (cm) | 86.08±13.01 | 85.35±12.62 | 85.29±11.33 | 84.53±13.38 | 82.89±13.36 | <0.001* |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 77.07±12.07 | 77.28±12.53 | 77.01±12.51 | 76.31±12.80 | 74.72±25.82 | <0.001* |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 131.09±26.36 | 131.66±25.49 | 131.63±26.64 | 129.90±29.9 | 129.47±25.82 | 0.062* |
*P value for trend.
BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c, glycosylated haemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; Scr, serum creatinine; SUA, serum uric acid; TG, triglyceride; WC, waist circle.