Antioxidant effects of BCE against the in vitro RPE damage model. (A,B) ARPE-19 cells were treated with A2E three times at 48 h intervals, and 24 h after the last treatment, BCE (10–50 μg/mL) or lutein (15 μg/mL) was treated twice at 24 h intervals. After 30 min of BL irradiation, the cells were recovered for 24 h. Cells were treated with DCF-DA (10 μM) for 10 min in serum-free medium. After washing with 1 × PBS twice, the cells were monitored using JuLI™ smart fluorescent cell analyzer. The relative ROS level was quantified using Image J. The results are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments (n = 3). ###
p < 0.01 vs. normal group, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. A2E + BL.