Bacterial biofilm survival following microbicide exposure. No significant differences were seen in the average metabolic activity for all strains after 1, 2, or 4 min of exposure to (A) 0.63% bleach and (B) 55% ethanol. (C) A small, but significant increase was observed at 4 min compared to 1 min exposure to 70% ethanol (p = 0.04). Of the two QACs tested, no significant differences were seen in (D) 0.5% BAC, and small, but significant differences were observed after (E) 4 min compared to 1 min (p = 0.0009) and 2 min (p = 0.0012) of 0.61% DDAC exposure. The average metabolic activity of all strains is displayed and error bars represent the standard deviation. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. * p-value < 0.05, ** p-value < 0.01, *** p-value < 0.001.