PPTT using ligand-conjugated AuNRs. (A) Selective PPTT of HSC (middle) and HOC (right) head and neck cancer cells over HaCat healthy cells (left) using anti-EGFR conjugated AuNRs. Reprinted/adapted with permission from Ref. [82]. Copyright © 2010, American Chemical Society. (B) PPTT of BT474 breast cancer cells with trastuzumab-conjugated AuNRs. Reprinted/adapted with permission from Ref. [85]. Copyright © 2017, Kang, X.; Guo, X.; An, W.; Niu, X.; Li, S.; Liu, Z.; Yang, Y.; Wang, N.; Jiang, Q.; Yan, C.; et al. (C) PPTT of MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumors with tumor acidity and CD44 dual targeting hyaluronic acid-coated AuNRs. (Left) Schematic of the targeting mechanism. (Right) Tumor volume at different days of post-treatment with 808 nm NIR laser and the hyaluronic acid-coated AuNRs. Reprinted/adapted with permission from Ref. [87]. Copyright © 2019, Elsevier.