Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 May 14;10(5):1138. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10051138

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Occurrence of spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) over the 24-h sleep–awake cycle: (A) A hypnogram in a sham-operated experimental control rat (#39). (B) An SWD and associated power spectrum in a sham-operated rat (#39). SWDs are indicated by light-green bars below the hypnogram (panel (A)). Note their occurrence only during awake periods. Moreover, note the harmonics in the power spectrum. (C) An N3 sleep spindle in a sham-operated rat (#39), and corresponding power spectrum. Occurrence of sleep spindles is indicated by purple bars below the hypnogram in panel (A). Note the single frequency band in the power spectrum. Abbreviations: Ch, electroencephalogram recording channel (see Figure 3B); N2, N2 sleep stage; N3, N3 sleep stage; REM, rapid eye movement sleep; W, awake.