Table 5.
Fatty acid composition of rye bran lipids according to the pre-treatment method, mg g−1 lipid.
| Rye | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatty Acid | Soxhlet | 10% KOH | Vzym | Vferm | Cell | |||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Myristate C14:0 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.1 |
| Pentadecanoate C15:0 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 0.1 |
| Palmitate C16:0 | 90.2 | 1.5 | 125.5 | 1.3 | 117.1 | 0.6 | 114.0 | 2.0 | 121.5 | 3.3 |
| Heptadecanoate C17:0 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.0 |
| Stearate C18:0 | 6.9 | 0.2 | 7.2 | 0.2 | 6.8 | 0.3 | 6.6 | 0.0 | 7.5 | 0.4 |
| Oleate C18:1 (c9) | 64.2 | 1.4 | 76.5 | 1.1 | 71.2 | 0.1 | 72.8 | 0.5 | 87.2 | 3.3 |
| Vaccenate C18:1 (t11) | 1.7 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 0.1 | 2.0 | 0.2 | 2.0 | 0.3 | 2.3 | 0.2 |
| Linoleate C18:2 (c9,c12) | 282.7 | 6.4 | 380.6 | 9.1 | 341.4 | 4.6 | 357.1 | 5.5 | 421.4 | 8.8 |
| Linolenate C18:3 (c9,c12,c15) | 21.6 | 0.5 | 27.2 | 0.7 | 25.0 | 0.2 | 26.5 | 0.6 | 33.9 | 0.9 |
| Arachidate C20:0 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 0.1 |
| CLA linoleate C18:2 (c9,t11) | 0.1 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.1 |
| CLA linoleate C18:2 (t10,c12) | 0.2 | 0.0 | 1.6 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 |
| 11-eicosenoate C20:1 (c11) | 3.9 | 0.3 | 4.3 | 0.1 | 4.0 | 0.1 | 4.1 | 0.2 | 5.2 | 0.1 |
| Eicosadienoate C20:2 (c11,c14) | BLQ | − | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.0 |
| Behenate C22:0 | 2.7 | 0.1 | 2.9 | 0.1 | 2.0 | 0.1 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 1.6 | 0.1 |
| Erucate C22:1 (c9,c11) | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 |
| Tricosanoate C23:0 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 12.9 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 |
| Tetracosanoate C24:0 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 4.6 | 0.0 |
| SFA | 106.4 | 2.2 | 154.9 | 3.1 | 131.6 | 1.2 | 127.2 | 2.3 | 139.2 | 4.1 |
| MUFA | 70.3 | 1.8 | 83.5 | 1.4 | 77.6 | 0.4 | 79.3 | 1.0 | 95.2 | 3.6 |
| PUFA | 304.6 | 6.9 | 412.3 | 9.9 | 368.1 | 4.9 | 387.2 | 6.2 | 457.3 | 9.9 |
| ∑MUFA + PUFA | 374.9 | 8.6 | 495.8 | 0.0 | 445.7 | 5.4 | 466.5 | 7.2 | 552.5 | 13.5 |
| ∑SFA + MUFA + PUFA | 481.3 | 10.9 | 650.7 | 14.3 | 577.3 | 6.5 | 593.7 | 9.5 | 691.7 | 17.6 |
| CLA | 0.3 | 0.0 | 3.7 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 0.1 |
Note: Values are means ± SD of triplicates (n = 3). SFA—saturated fatty acids; MUFA—monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA—polyunsaturated fatty acids; CLA—conjugated linoleic acid; Vzym—commercial multi-enzyme preparation Viscozyme L; Vferm—commercial multi-enzyme preparation Viscoferm; Cell—commercial enzyme preparation Celluclast 1.5 L; BLQ—below limit of quantification; SD—standard deviation.