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. 2022 Apr 28;11(5):678. doi: 10.3390/biology11050678

Figure 2.

Figure 2

OsOSCA1.1 is essential for hyperosmolality- and salt-induced stomatal closure and survival under hyperosmolality and salt stress conditions in rice. (A) Environmental scanning electron micrographs of opening/closing stomata on a 30-day-old rice blade. Scale bar = 10 μm. (B) Percentage of closed stomata in 30-day-old ZH11, ososca1.1, and OsOSCA1.1-overexpressing ososca1.1 line 1 and 2 plants treated with 150 mM of sorbitol and 100 mM of NaCl for 1 and 36 h, respectively (n = 130 stomata). Different letters indicate significant differences at p < 0.05 [one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)]. (C) Stomatal resistance of 30-day-old ZH11, ososca1.1, and OsOSCA1.1-overexpressing ososca1.1 lines 1 and 6 treated with 150 mM of sorbitol and 100 mM of NaCl for 1 and 36 h, respectively (n = 12 leaves). a,b,c,d Different letters indicate significant differences at p < 0.05 (one-way ANOVA). (D) Images of 20-day-old ZH11, ososca1.1, and OsOSCA1.1-overexpressing ososca1.1 lines 1 and 2 treated with 20% polyethyleneglycol (PEG) or 150 mM of NaCl for 7 days, followed by 3 more days of treatment and recovery for 18 days. (E) Survival rate of ZH11, ososca1.1, and OsOSCA1.1-overexpressing ososca1.1 lines 1 and 2 treated with 20% PEG or 150 mM NaCl for 10 days, followed by recovery for 18 days (n = 300 seedlings). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01 (Tukey’s test).