Table 1.
Patients’ baseline clinical characteristics by study group.
|
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| CHARACTERISTICS | WITHOUT DR GROUP (n = 15,444) | WITH DR GROUP (n = 3,383) | p VALUE |
|
| |||
| Demographic | |||
|
| |||
| Gender(Male),n(%) | 9,389(60.8%) | 1,920(56.8%) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Age | 66.84 ± 15.40 | 67.01 ± 16.86 | 0.013 |
|
| |||
| Comorbidities,n(%) | |||
|
| |||
| Hypokalemia | 2,351(15.2%) | 657(19.4%) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Hyponatremia | 1,839(11.9%) | 850(25.1%) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Tumor | 845(5.5%) | 187(5.5%) | 0.896 |
|
| |||
| Pulmonary infection | 1,486(9.6%) | 631(18.7%) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Hyperlipidemia disease | 1,135(7.3%) | 154(4.6%) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Hypertension | 3,664(23.7%) | 762(22.5%) | 0.136 |
|
| |||
| T2DM | 4,405(28.5%) | 1,121(33.1%) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| kidney disease | 1,140(7.4%) | 575(17.0%) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Physical | |||
|
| |||
| BMI | 24.34 ± 4.07 | 23.98 ± 4.23 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| DBP(mmHg) | 74.06 ± 12.76 | 73.27 ± 13.78 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| SBP(mmHg) | 129.49 ± 20.30 | 127.69 ± 23.05 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Laboratory Results | |||
|
| |||
| C-reactive protein assay(mg/dl) | 1.91(0.34–2.72)* | 2.51(0.53–4.0)* | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Glutamyl transferase(U/L) | 35.6(21.4–62.05)* | 47.7(25.1–87.2)* | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Neutrophil (%) | 0.67 ± 0.12 | 0.74 ± 0.14 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Lactate dehydrogenase(U/L) | 189.5(158.2–247.5)* | 242.5(188.1–327.9)* | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Carbon dioxide (mmol/L) | 25.89 ± 3.78 | 24.86 ± 4.98 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| LDL-C(mmol/L) | 2.34 ± 0.79 | 2.27 ± 0.92 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| IN Ratio | 1.21 ± 0.51 | 1.35 ± 0.75 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Aspartate aminotransferase(U/L) | 20.3(15.7–28.9)* | 23.3(16.5–38.3)* | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Mean RBC volume (fL) | 91.46 ± 6.17 | 91.43 ± 6.91 | 0.72 |
|
| |||
| RBC hemoglobin concen.(g/L) | 332.26 ± 14.42 | 329.83 ± 16.25 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| TC(mmol/L) | 3.98 ± 1.02 | 3.88 ± 1.21 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Total protein(g/L) | 66.63 ± 7.47 | 64.02 ± 9.33 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Inorganic phosphorus (mmol/L) | 1.16(0.98–1.27)* | 1.17(0.96–1.35)* | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Chloride (mmol/L) | 102.97 ± 5.14 | 101.47 ± 6.48 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Lymphocyte (%) | 0.24 ± 0.10 | 0.18 ± 0.11 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| WBC (10e9/L) | 6.6(5.27–8.2)* | 7.46(5.54–10.23)* | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Direct bilirubin (umol/L) | 4.4(2.9–7.2)* | 5.3(2.9–10.5)* | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| AP (U/L) | 70.3(56.6–84.4)* | 77.4(60.2–100.6)* | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| RDW (%) | 14.14 ± 1.89 | 15.02 ± 2.31 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| HCT (%) | 0.38 ± 0.07 | 0.35 ± 0.08 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| RBC (10e12/L) | 4.18 ± 0.77 | 3.81 ± 0.89 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Creatinine (umol/L) | 92.31 ± 41.26 | 117.43 ± 59.14 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Troponin T (ng/mL) | 0.04(0.02–0.31)* | 0.05(0.02–0.20)* | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| pro-BNP (pg/mL) | 3238(867.2–6726.3)* | 6470(2230–10513)* | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 6.60 ± 2.92 | 7.62 ± 3.88 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| PLT (10e9/L) | 193.47 ± 76.81 | 184.17 ± 88.51 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| D-dimer (μg/mL) | 1.88 ± 2.97 | 3.27 ± 4.21 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| PT (s) | 15.01 ± 4.03 | 16.27 ± 5.75 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| PTA (%) | 77.40 ± 16.12 | 71.76 ± 18.51 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| FIB (mg/dL) | 3.59(2.92–4.65)* | 3.88(2.99–5.09)* | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Serum albumin (g/L) | 37.57 ± 4.98 | 34.38 ± 5.69 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| HGB (g/L) | 126.90 ± 23.74 | 114.58 ± 27.19 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Serum calcium (mmol/L) | 2.22 ± 0.16 | 2.15 ± 0.20 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Serum natrium (mmol/L) | 139.86 ± 4.61 | 138.09 ± 5.76 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| MCH (pg) | 30.39 ± 2.41 | 30.17 ± 2.70 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Thrombin time (s) | 17.11 ± 4.38 | 17.45 ± 4.72 | 0.01 |
|
| |||
| Amylase (U/L) | 72.4(47.2–73.6)* | 54.5(37.4–73.6)* | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Creatine kinase isoenzymes (ng/mL) | 3.77(1.86–9.23)* | 3.39(1.96–9.23)* | 0.011 |
|
| |||
| eGFR (min * 1.73 m2) | 68.37 ± 31.37 | 57.37 ± 33.95 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| CRF Staging | |||
|
| |||
| I | 2925(18.9%) | 474(14.0%) | 0.010 |
|
| |||
| II | 5933(38.4%) | 837(24.7%) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| III | 5469(35.4%) | 1327(39.2%) | 0.013 |
|
| |||
| IV | 1117(7.2%) | 745(22.0%) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| PCI surgery (YES), n(%) | 2119(13.7%) | 303(9.0%) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Death in-hospital (YES), n(%) | 523(3.4%) | 728(21.5%) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
* Presented as median (interquartile range).
Categorical variables are presented as n (%). Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation. AP, alkaline phosphatase; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; D-dimer, plasma D-dimer assay; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FBG, fasting blood glucose; FIB, plasma fibrinogen; HCT, hematocrit; HGB, hemoglobin determination; IN ratio, international normalized ratio; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin;CRF, chronic renal failure; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PLT, platelet count; pro-BNP, pro-brain natriuretic peptide; PT, plasma prothrombin time determination; PTA, plasma prothrombin activity; RBC, red blood cell count; RDW, red blood cell volume distribution width; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; T2MD, type 2 diabetes mellitus; WBC, white blood cell count.