Table 1.

Conditioning methods.

Type of Conditioning	Conditioning Method	Reference
Chemical induction	Standard osteogenic medium	[29,31,33,36,40]
	Dimethyloxalylglycine	[20]
	Dexamethasone	[30]
	Strontium-substituted calcium silicate ceramics	[41]
Chemical induction + culture conditions	Standart osteogenic medium + serum deprivation	[32,34,35,37]
Genetic modification	miR-375-overexpressing ASCs	[38]
Genetic modification + culture conditions	BMP2-overexpressing BMSCs + serum deprivation	[21]
	Mutant HIF-1α-modified BMSCs + serum deprivation	[18,28]
Culture conditions	Hypoxia	[17]
	Three-dimensional mechanical microenvironment	[39]

ASCs, adipose-tissue-derived stem cells; BMP2, bone morphogenetic protein 2; BMSCs, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor.