Figure 7.

The central role of unresolved fibroblasts-associated inflammatory status in the development of arrhythmogenic cardiac fibrosis. During acute inflammation, the initiation of inflammation is normally followed by a resolution, in order to promote homeostasis. Failure in the activation of pro-resolving signals contributes to the exacerbation of cardiac cells’ release of proinflammatory stimuli. FB are highly sensitive to inflammatory agents. When activated, cardiac FB participate in increasing the production of inflammatory compounds, leading to the development of fibrosis, myocardial dysfunction and arrhythmogenicity.