Table 1.
Demographics and significances in traumatic brain injury patients.
| Variable | Overall n = 18,249 |
Mortality n = 266 |
Non-Mortality n = 17,983 |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 57.85 (19.44) | 65.59 (17.74) | 57.73 (19.45) | <0.001 |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| Female | 8341 (45.71) | 77 (28.95) | 8264 (45.95) | <0.001 |
| Male | 9908 (54.29) | 189 (71.05) | 9719 (54.05) | |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 23.93 (4.45) | 22.68 (3.78) | 23.95 (4.46) | <0.001 |
| TTAS, n (%) | ||||
| Level I | 669 (3.67) | 147 (55.26) | 522 (2.90) | <0.001 |
| Level II | 5246 (28.75) | 85 (31.95) | 5161 (28.70) | |
| Level III-V | 12,334 (67.59) | 34 (12.78) | 12,300 (68.40) | |
| Heart rate, mean (SD) | 86.59 (18.74) | 89.75 (29.66) | 86.54 (18.53) | 0.080 |
| Body temperature, mean (SD) | 36.43 (0.50) | 36.30 (0.70) | 36.43 (0.49) | 0.002 |
| Respiratory rate, mean (SD) | 17.65 (2.51) | 17.44 (5.12) | 17.66 (2.45) | 0.502 |
| GCS, mean (SD) | 14.35 (1.94) | 8.58 (4.68) | 14.44 (1.73) | <0.001 |
| Pupil size(L), mean (SD) | 2.48 (0.57) | 3.05 (1.24) | 2.47 (0.55) | <0.001 |
| Pupil reflex (L), n (%) | ||||
| − | 450 (2.47) | 97 (36.47) | 353 (1.96) | <0.001 |
| + | 17,799 (97.53) | 169 (63.53) | 17,630 (98.04) | |
| Pupil size(R), mean (SD) | 2.47 (0.57) | 2.97 (1.23) | 2.47 (0.55) | <0.001 |
| Pupil reflex(R), n (%) | ||||
| − | 460 (2.52) | 93 (34.96) | 367 (2.04) | <0.001 |
| + | 17,789 (97.48) | 173 (65.04) | 17,616 (97.96) |
Note: A t-test was used for numerical variables and the Chi-square test was used for categorical variables; because there were no cases of mild severity of TTAS levels IV-V in the mortality group, we merged levels III–V for significance testing in demographics.