Figure 1.

Gas exchange Magenta vessels. Design and functionality of gas exchange culture vessels. (A) Culture vessels were modified by fastening nickel-plated brass push-to-connect hose connections for ¼” tubes centered on opposite faces of the GA-7 Magenta vessel, mounted roughly 15 mm from the top lip and 30 mm from the vessel’s bottom. Insertion holes were threaded, and small O-rings were applied to hose connections to allow an air-tight seal. (B) To further ensure an air-tight seal for accurate gas exchange measurement, a malleable gasket was applied to the vessels between the lids and edge of box tops by forming “sticky tack” to adhere the two surfaces together. (C) Air at a constant flow rate and [CO₂] was pumped into the bottom hose connection port, allowing gas to fill the vessel from the bottom, and then relayed to the IRGA from the upper hose connection port.