Table 1.

NIR-responsive nanoparticles for immobilized enzyme and their applications.

Material	Enzyme	Application	Ref.
Gold nanorod	Dextran hydrolase, glucose oxidase, horseradish peroxidase	Microreactor	[22]
Polydopamine-coated gold nanorods	Papain	Deep-tumor therapy	[10]
Gold nanorods	Acylpeptide hydrolase ST0779	Alzheimer’s disease therapy	[41]
Gold nanoparticles	Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease	Colon cancer therapy	[34]
Ultrasmall platinum nanoparticle	Glucoamylase (GA), ProteinaseK, Deoxyribonuclease I	Off-on control of enzyme activity.	[42]
Ti3C2TX nanosheets	Lipase	Improve the hydrolysis activity	[43]
Gold nanorod	Acylpeptide hydrolase, Pig pancreatic lipase	Aldol reaction	[20]
Gold nanoparticle	Alkaline phosphatase	Prostate cancer therapy	[35]
Graphene oxide	Horseradish peroxidase	Colorimetric immunoassay	[44]
CdS	Nitrogenase MoFe	Dinitrogen reduction	[18]