Table 1.
Targeted therapies and outcomes.
| Gene Alteration | Drug | Mechanism of Action | Number of Patients | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FGFR | Erdafitinib | Tyrosine kinase inhibitor of FGFR1–4 | 99 | ORR 40% PFS 5.5 months OS 13.8 months |
[34] |
| FGFR | Pemigatinib | Tyrosine kinase inhibitor of FGFR1-3 | 140 (Interim analysis: 100) |
ORR 25% | [37] |
| FGFR | Infigratinib | Tyrosine kinase inhibitor of FGFR1-3 | 67 | ORR 25% PFS 3.75 months OS 7.75 months |
[36] |
| mTOR | Everolimus + pazopanib | Inhibitor of mTOR + inhibitor of VEGF | 19 | ORR 21% PFS 3.6 months OS 9.1 months |
[38] |
| HER2 | Lapatinib | Tyrosine-kinase inhibitor against HER2 and EGFR | 232 | PFS 4.5 months OS 12.6 months |
[39] |
| HER2 | Trastuzumab + carboplatin, paclitaxel, gemcitabine | Monoclonal antibody against HER2 | 44 | PFS 9.3 months OS 14.1 months |
[40] |
| HER2 | Trastuzumab + pertuzumab | Monoclonal antibody against HER2 | 9 | ORR 33% | [41] |
| Trop2 | Sacituzumab govitecan | ADC of active metabolite of the cytotoxic agent irinotecan and transmembrane glycoprotein highly expressed on epithelial cancer cells surface | 113 | ORR 27% PFS 5.4 months OS 10.9 months |
[42] |
| Nectin-4 | Enfortumab vedotin | ADC of anti-nectin-4 conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E | 608 | ORR 52% PFS 5.55 months |
[43] |
ADC, antibody-drug conjugate; ORR, overall response rate, OS, overall survival, PFS, progression-free survival.