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(A). Anti-VEGF and monoclonal antibody (ramucirumab) inhibit angiogenesis in tumor cell (B). Activated T-cells express P-1 that binds to its specific ligand PD-L1 on antigen presenting cell which inhibits T-cell activity (C). Anti PD-1 (Nivolumab) and anti-PD-L1 (Atezolizumab) prevent this binding and increase T-cell activation which allows apoptosis of tumor cells.
