Figure 2.

Probiotics and prebiotics fermented by beneficial bacteria for immune checkpoint inhibitors. (A) Bacterial species that are positively associated with PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade therapy are summarized. Responders for immunotherapy have specific gut microbiota. Bacteria species are summarized in a table from the literature [20,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105]. (B) Bacterial species and prebiotics that are positively associated with PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade therapy are summarized.