Table 1.
The link between DR and CHD.
| Citations | Year | PDR a | CVD b | RI c | CHD d | CI e | AI f | RS g | DR-CVD Link | SOC h |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hecke et al. [105] | 2005 | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Cheung et al. [110] | 2007 | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Kawasaki et al. [108] | 2013 | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Ellis et al. [109] | 2013 | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Pradeepa et al. [107] | 2015 | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Um et al. [111] | 2015 | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Barlovic et al. [103] | 2018 | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Xu et al. [112] | 2020 | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ |
PDR a: Pathophysiology of Diabetic Retinopathy, CVD b: Cardiovascular Diseases, RI c: Retinal Imaging, CHD d: Coronary Heart Disease, CI e: Carotid Imaging, AI f: Artificial Intelligence, RS g: Risk Stratification, SOC h: Strength of Correlation.