. 2022 May 12;23(10):5405. doi: 10.3390/ijms23105405

Table 3.

Applications of cellulose-based materials for tissue engineering.

Cellulose	Source	Form	Fabrication Method	Study Type	Cells	Time (d)	Evaluation Method	Comments	Ref.
BC	Acetobacter xylinum	Films	Shaken in a culture flask	In vitro In vivo	hASCs	9	Optical density (OD)		[270]
BC		Scaffold	Fermentation into sterile paraffin particles	In vitro In vivo	hUSC	7	Histology	No effect of pore size	[271]
BC/alginate (BCA)		Sponge	Freeze-drying	In vitro	HaCat	2	MTT assay	30% alginate	[272]
BC		Scaffold	Culture on TCP	In vitro	EqMSCs	14	OD	The seeded cells were metabolically active	[276]
BC		Tubes	Culture on PDMS tubes	In vitro In vivo	SMCs	7	OD	No signs of inflammation	[275]
BC-CMC	Gluconacetobacter saccharivorans	Gel	Agitation overnight at room temperature	In vitro	HEK	1	Optical microscope		[281]
BC	Acetobacter xylinum	Tubes	Fermentation in glass tubes using a silicone support	In vitro	ECs	28	F Fluorescence microscope		[278]
BC	Acetobacter xylinum	Scaffold	Freeze-drying	In-vitro In-vivo	Chondrocyte	8	F Fluorescence microscope		[268]

Notes: MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay; Acetobacter xylinum and Gluconacetobacter xylinus are used for the same strains.