Table 2.
Average daily AGE, dicarbonyl, energy, and macronutrient intake of 70 abdominally obese individuals during the low- or high-AGE dietary intervention.
| Nutrient | Low AGE (n = 32) 1 |
High AGE (n = 36) |
Low vs. High p |
|---|---|---|---|
| AGEs (mg/day) | |||
| CML | 2.68 ± 0.67 | 6.90 ± 1.32 | <0.001 |
| CEL | 1.72 ± 0.40 | 8.94 ± 1.98 | <0.001 |
| MG-H1 | 13.67 ± 3.11 | 48.75 ± 11.93 | <0.001 |
| Dicarbonyls (mg/day) | |||
| MGO | 3.04 ± 0.89 | 3.76 ± 1.00 | <0.001 |
| GO | 2.84 ± 0.73 | 3.20 ± 0.70 | <0.001 |
| 3-DG | 13.86 ± 5.33 | 19.15 ± 5.88 | <0.001 |
| Energy (kcal/day) | |||
| Energy intake 2 | 2034 ± 476 | 2078 ± 471 | 0.612 |
| Macronutrients (energy %) | |||
| Protein | 17.1 ± 1.6 | 16.7 ± 1.5 | 0.325 |
| Plant-based protein | 6.4 ± 0.8 | 7.6 ± 0.6 | <0.001 |
| Animal-based protein | 10.7 ± 1.8 | 9.1 ± 1.6 | <0.001 |
| Fat | 31.6 ± 2.6 | 35.6 ± 3.0 | <0.001 |
| Saturated fat | 12.8 ± 1.5 | 12.0 ± 0.8 | 0.009 |
| Mono-unsaturated fat | 9.7 ± 0.8 | 12.7 ± 1.6 | <0.001 |
| Poly-unsaturated fat | 6.1 ± 1.1 | 7.7 ± 1.5 | <0.001 |
| Carbohydrates | 48.4 ± 2.7 | 44.7 ± 2.8 | <0.001 |
| Mono- and disaccharides | 21.2 ± 2.8 | 19.4 ± 2.7 | 0.008 |
| Polysaccharides | 27.2 ± 2.3 | 25.3 ± 1.5 | <0.001 |
| Fiber | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 0.001 |
| Alcohol | 0.0 [0.0,0.60] | 0.0 [0.0,0.76] | 0.966 |
Daily intakes (means ± SD, medians [IQR]) were assessed from two five-day dietary logs in week one and week four of the intervention. Differences between intervention groups were tested by a one-factor ANCOVA with energy intake, sex, and age as covariates, and differences in alcohol intake were tested by the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test. 1 Dietary logs were not returned by two participants in the low-AGE group. 2 Energy intake was not included as a covariate.