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. 2022 May 14;13(5):881. doi: 10.3390/genes13050881

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Agarose gel electrophoresis of β-actin amplicons (289 bp) produced from cDNA that was synthesized from RNA extracted from rat pancreas isolates. RNA was extracted from the pancreas of normal rats using the standard RNeasy Mini Kit protocol (Qiagen) (lanes 1–3); RNAlater (Qiagen) injection without clamping and treatment with 5 mL QIAzol (Qiagen) (lanes 4 and 5); clamping and RNAlater (Qiagen) injection followed by the optimized protocol with 7 mL QIAzol (Qiagen) (lanes 6 and 7). As a positive control, RNA was extracted from rat liver using the standard protocol (lane 8). β-actin was also amplified from cDNA that was synthesized from RNA isolated from pancreas of diabetic rats using clamping and RNAlater (Qiagen) injection followed by the optimized protocols with 5 mL QIAzol (Qiagen) (lanes 9–11), or from that of normal rat pancreas samples after clamping and RNAlater (Qiagen) injection using the optimized protocol with 5 mL QIAzol (Qiagen) (lanes 12–14). A 100-bp DNA size marker (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and a 123-bp DNA ladder (left) were used as references.