Table 4.

Parameters for the five AI models.

SN	Attributes	PSP-Net	VGG-SegNet	VGG-UNet	ResNet-SegNet	ResNet-UNet
1	Backbone-encoder	NA	VGG-16	VGG-16	Res-50	Res-50
2	# Parameters	~4.4 M	~11.6 M	~12.4 M	~15 M	~16.5 M
3	# NN layers	54	33	36	160	165
4	Model size (MB)	50	133	142	171	188
5	Batch size	8	8	4	4	4
6	Training time *	~15	~50	~54	~60	~63
7	Prediction time	<1 s	<1 s	<1 s	<1 s	<1 s

* In minutes; MB: megabytes; M: million; NN: neural network; Res: ResNet.