Table 4.
Associations with vaccine uptake among female foreign domestic workers (n = 581).
| Unadjusted OR | p-Value | Adjusted OR | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factors | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | ||
| Demographics | ||||
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Filipino | 1.00 | -- | ||
| Indonesian | 0.82 (0.55–1.23) | 0.331 | -- | -- |
| Age | ||||
| 20–34 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 35–44 | 1.69 (1.08–2.63) | 0.021 | 2.35 (1.28–4.31) | 0.006 |
| 45+ | 0.99 (0.56–1.76) | 0.983 | 0.85 (0.38–1.95) | 0.709 |
| Educational attainment | ||||
| Up to secondary school | 1.00 | -- | ||
| Post-secondary/vocational | 1.49 (0.65–3.43) | 0.249 | -- | -- |
| University/postgraduate | 2.24 (0.93–5.42) | 0.600 | -- | -- |
| Marital status | ||||
| Never married | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Married | 0.55 (0.32–0.94) | 0.029 | 0.37 (0.18–0.76) | 0.007 |
| Divorced/widowed/separated | 0.51 (0.29–0.91) | 0.024 | 0.29 (0.13–0.64) | 0.002 |
| Religious affiliation | ||||
| Catholic | 1.00 | -- | ||
| Islam | 0.75 (0.49–1.14) | 0.181 | -- | -- |
| Christian/Others | 1.56 (0.75–3.21) | 0.231 | -- | -- |
| Employment conditions | ||||
| Employer’s home size | ||||
| ≤599 sq. ft. | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 600–999 sq. ft. | 1.22 (0.78–1.91) | 0.379 | 1.92 (1.03–3.59) | 0.039 |
| ≥1000 sq. ft. | 1.91 (1.10–3.31) | 0.022 | 2.07 (0.96–4.45) | 0.064 |
| Past month daily working hours | ||||
| 13 or less hours | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 14+ hours | 0.44 (0.29–0.67) | <0.001 | 0.54 (0.30–0.96) | 0.036 |
| Care for special population (children, elderly, disabled) | 0.82 (0.52–1.30) | 0.398 | -- | -- |
| Health status | ||||
| Self-rated health (0–100) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.051 | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.190 |
| Chronic conditions | 1.55 (0.59–4.11) | 0.375 | -- | -- |
| Individual level factors | ||||
| Positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines: “Vaccination…” | ||||
| Is highly effective in protecting you from COVID-19 | 9.69 (6.06–15.51) | <0.001 | 1.54 (0.57–4.16) | 0.395 |
| Is highly effective in protecting those around me against COVID-19 | 10.09 (6.25–16.29) | <0.001 | 2.18 (0.81–5.89) | 0.124 |
| Can facilitate resumption of cross-boundary travel | 7.90 (4.82–12.96) | <0.001 | 0.99 (0.39–2.51) | 0.977 |
| Can contribute to the control of COVID-19 in Hong Kong | 18.62 (10.07–34.43) | <0.001 | 6.11 (2.27–16.43) | <0.001 |
| Negative attitude towards COVID-19 vaccines | ||||
| I am concerned of having severe side-effects from the COVID-19 vaccines | 0.52 (0.35–0.78) | 0.001 | 0.29 (0.16–0.55) | <0.001 |
| Interpersonal level factors | ||||
| Social networks | ||||
| Concerning receiving a COVID-19 vaccine, my employer | ||||
| Has been neutral | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Forced me to receive the vaccine | 5.49 (2.34–12.89) | <0.001 | 3.24 (1.00–10.54) | 0.051 |
| Encouraged me to receive the vaccine | 5.36 (3.40–8.45) | <0.001 | 2.05 (1.06–3.95) | 0.032 |
| Discouraged me to receive the vaccine | 1.13 (0.48–2.68) | 0.782 | 1.25 (0.39–4.00) | 0.709 |
| My family members encouraged me to receive the vaccine | 4.47 (2.93–6.81) | <0.001 | 2.27 (1.17–4.38) | 0.015 |
| My domestic helper friends encouraged me to receive the vaccine | 2.78 (1.85–4.18) | <0.001 | 0.66 (0.33–1.33) | 0.248 |
| Know someone who had serious side effects after taking up the vaccine | 0.56 (0.35–0.91) | 0.018 | 0.59 (0.31–1.13) | 0.113 |
| COVID-19 vaccine-related news | ||||
| Frequency of obtaining COVID-19 vaccine-related information IQR | ||||
| <IQR | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| IQR | 1.51 (0.97–2.35) | 0.070 | 1.25 (0.66–2.34) | 0.495 |
| >IQR | 2.48 (1.36–4.52) | 0.003 | 0.73 (0.33–1.63) | 0.445 |
| Overall, information you’ve obtained about COVID-19 vaccination has been… | ||||
| Negative/equally positive and negative | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Positive | 3.15 (1.97–5.04) | <0.001 | 1.55 (0.87–2.78) | 0.139 |
| Socio-structural level factors | ||||
| Incentives: “I was motivated to get the COVID-19 vaccination to be…” | ||||
| Exempt from the required COVID swab testing of domestic helpers | 3.26 (2.17–4.92) | <0.001 | 1.27 (0.64–2.52) | 0.491 |
| Eligible for the 100k HKD lucky draw | 2.03 (1.28–3.22) | 0.003 | 1.18 (0.59–2.38) | 0.634 |
| Religious beliefs | ||||
| COVID-19 vaccination would violate my religious beliefs | 0.49 (0.21–1.14) | 0.097 | 0.19 (0.06–0.65) | 0.008 |
| Days since first survey completed | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.044 | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.317 |
Numbers in the unadjusted OR column in bold indicate the variable was included in the adjusted OR model. Numbers in the adjusted OR column in bold indicate the variable remained statistically significant in the final model.